Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guanfzhou, China.
Equine Vet J. 2021 Jul;53(4):845-854. doi: 10.1111/evj.13442. Epub 2021 Mar 25.
Little information is available about experimental inoculation of leptospirosis in horses and the pathogenicity of Leptospira interrogans serovar Bratislava in this host.
To determine the serological, clinical, pathological and haematological responses of horses to L. interrogans serovar Bratislava strain PigK151.
Randomised controlled in vivo experiment.
Ten seronegative female foals were divided into 2 groups, control (n = 4) and challenged (n = 6). The challenged group received 1 × 10 leptospires divided equally between topical ocular and intraperitoneal injections. Blood and urine samples were analysed. The temperature was recorded daily for the first 9 days, then weekly. Sera were tested by microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Automated complete blood count, differential and chemistry panel were performed. Histopathological analysis was performed on sections of liver, kidney, urinary bladder, uterine body and pineal gland. Sample culturing was performed from blood, urine, liver, kidney, reproductive tract and vitreous humour.
No pyrexia was noted. PCR and culture were negative from all samples. Differences between groups were found in CBC, differential counts and serum biochemistry panel (or profile), suggesting that leptospiral challenge triggered an inflammatory response. No evidence of leptospirosis was found from histopathological analysis. All challenged foals developed a humoral response. The MAT allowed the confirmation of the infecting serovar at a later stage, but it also revealed cross-reactive results that were further explained by genomic analysis.
This experimental challenge had two main limitations: (a) the results might have varied if another strain from the same serovar had been used and (b) the use of another route of infection and a higher bacterial dose might have achieved colonisation.
Based on these findings, it may suggest that L. interrogans serovar Bratislava is neither pathogenic nor host-adapted serovar for horses, although these results might have varied if another strain from the same serovar had been used instead.
关于在马中进行钩端螺旋体病的实验接种以及伯拉第斯拉瓦血清型钩端螺旋体在该宿主中的致病性，信息有限。
确定马对伯拉第斯拉瓦血清型波提卡 151 株钩端螺旋体的血清学、临床、病理学和血液学反应。
随机对照体内实验。
将 10 头血清阴性的雌性幼驹分为对照组（n=4）和实验组（n=6）。实验组通过眼部和腹腔内注射各 1×10 个钩端螺旋体进行接种。分析血液和尿液样本。在最初的 9 天内每天记录体温，然后每周记录一次。通过显微镜凝集试验（MAT）检测血清。进行自动全血细胞计数、差异和化学小组分析。对肝脏、肾脏、膀胱、子宫体和松果体的切片进行组织病理学分析。从血液、尿液、肝脏、肾脏、生殖道和玻璃体中进行样本培养。
未出现发热。PCR 和培养均为阴性。在 CBC、差异计数和血清生化小组（或谱）方面，两组之间存在差异，提示钩端螺旋体挑战引发了炎症反应。组织病理学分析未发现钩端螺旋体病的证据。所有接种的幼驹均产生了体液反应。MAT 允许在后期确认感染的血清型，但也揭示了交叉反应结果，这些结果通过基因组分析进一步解释。
该实验性挑战有两个主要局限性：（a）如果使用同一血清型的另一种菌株，结果可能会有所不同；（b）如果使用另一种感染途径和更高的细菌剂量，可能会实现定植。
根据这些发现，可能表明伯拉第斯拉瓦血清型钩端螺旋体既不是马的致病性血清型，也不是宿主适应血清型，尽管如果使用同一血清型的另一种菌株，结果可能会有所不同。
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