Long-Term Anorectal Manometry Outcomes After Laparoscopic and Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision.

During transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME), sustained dilation of the anal canal occurs, which can cause anatomical and functional damage to the sphincter complex. This study aimed to analyze the impact of laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (LaTME) and TaTME in anorectal sphincter function. An observational study was conducted comparing two cohorts of patients who underwent LaTME or TaTME for rectal cancer. The two groups were paired for comparison based on age, gender, and distance of the neoplasm to the anal margin. The anorectal function was assessed by manometry before surgery and at least 6 months after primary intervention or stoma closure. The intestinal function was assessed using the low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) score. Twenty-two patients were included. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between groups except for the time between surgery and testing. A decrease in the mean resting and squeeze pressures between pre- and postoperative manometry was observed in both the treatment groups, the difference being only significant in the squeeze pressure values (TaTME  = .003; LaTME  = .004). After surgery, squeeze pressure reduction correlated with a worsening of the LARS point count (rho 0.587;  = .004). The time elapsed since surgery was negatively correlated with the LARS point count (rho -0.696;  = .001) and the difference between pre- and postoperative mean squeeze pressures (rho -0.499;  = .018). Manometric findings after TME are comparable between the laparoscopic and the transanal approach. Deterioration of both anal sphincter function and LARS improves with time after surgery.