Bratisl Lek Listy. 2021;122(3):200-205. doi: 10.4149/BLL_2021_034.
Vitamin D, which has immunomodulatory effect, can reduce risk of infections and concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the levels of vitamin D and severity of COVID-19.
A total of 204 patients with COVID-19 disease were enrolled in the study. All patients had viral pneumonia, which was confirmed with chest computer tomography. All cases were divided in two groups- mild (outpatients); and serious (inpatients)- according to their clinical and laboratory data. Serum vitamin D levels were measured by chemiluminescence method.
Vitamin D deficiency was found in 41.7 % (n = 85) of cases and insufficiency was found in 46.0 % (n = 94), while in 12.3 % (n = 25) of cases normal vitamin D levels were found. The odds of having a serious clinical outcome were increased for vitamin D insufficiency patients 5.604 times (%95 CI:0.633-49.584) and for vitamin D deficiency patients 38.095 times (%95 CI:2.965-489.50) for each standard deviation decrease in serum 25(OH)D.
Adequate levels of vitamin D could suppress inflammation and reduce the severity of COVID-19. Vitamin D supplementation may have an important role in decreasing the impact of the pandemic (Tab. 5, Fig. 2, Ref. 27).
具有免疫调节作用的维生素 D 可以降低感染风险和促炎细胞因子的浓度。本研究旨在探讨维生素 D 水平与 COVID-19 严重程度之间的关系。
共纳入 204 例 COVID-19 患者。所有患者均患有病毒性肺炎，经胸部计算机断层扫描证实。根据临床和实验室数据，所有病例分为两组：轻症（门诊）；和重症（住院）。采用化学发光法测定血清维生素 D 水平。
204 例患者中，41.7%（n=85）存在维生素 D 缺乏，46.0%（n=94）存在维生素 D 不足，而 12.3%（n=25）存在正常维生素 D 水平。与维生素 D 充足的患者相比，维生素 D 不足的患者发生严重临床结局的几率增加了 5.604 倍（95%CI：0.633-49.584），维生素 D 缺乏的患者增加了 38.095 倍（95%CI：2.965-489.50）。血清 25(OH)D 每降低一个标准差。
充足的维生素 D 水平可抑制炎症，降低 COVID-19 的严重程度。维生素 D 补充可能在降低大流行的影响方面发挥重要作用（表 5，图 2，参考文献 27）。
