Shamah-Levy Teresa, Gaona-Pineda Elsa B, Mundo-Rosas Verónica, Méndez Gómez-Humarán Ignacio, Rodríguez-Ramírez Sonia
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
Centro de Investigación en Matemáticas A.C. Unidad Aguascalientes. Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México.
Salud Publica Mex. 2020 Nov-Dec;62(6):745-753. doi: 10.21149/11829.
To assess the association between a healthy and sustainable dietary index (HSDI) and overweight and obesity in Mexican adults.
We analyzed a sample of Mexican adults (n=11 506) from the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2018-19 with body mass index and dietary intake data. We estimated the HSDI score based on foods and beverages recorded in a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, which were classified into 13 food groups. Ordinal logistic model was fitted to analyze the association between HSDI score and overweight and obesity.
The mean HSDI score was 6.7 out of 13 points. A significant interaction of HSDI score and sex was found. Men with higher HSDI score showed lower obesity prevalence (OR=0.55, p<0.05); this association was not sig-nificant in women.
A higher HSDI is related to a lower prevalence of obesity and therefore of chronic diseases. Further research is required for its implementation at the population level.
评估健康可持续饮食指数（HSDI）与墨西哥成年人超重及肥胖之间的关联。
我们分析了来自2018 - 19年全国健康与营养调查的墨西哥成年人样本（n = 11506），这些样本包含体重指数和饮食摄入数据。我们根据半定量食物频率问卷中记录的食物和饮料来估计HSDI得分，这些食物和饮料被分为13个食物组。采用有序逻辑模型来分析HSDI得分与超重及肥胖之间的关联。
HSDI得分的平均值为13分中的6.7分。发现HSDI得分与性别之间存在显著交互作用。HSDI得分较高的男性肥胖患病率较低（OR = 0.55，p < 0.05）；这种关联在女性中不显著。
较高的HSDI与较低的肥胖患病率相关，因此也与较低的慢性病患病率相关。需要进一步研究以在人群层面实施该指数。
