Victorian Adult Burns Service, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
Department of Surgery, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
Eur Surg Res. 2021;62(1):1-9. doi: 10.1159/000514223. Epub 2021 Feb 23.
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and its derivatives are an emerging biotechnology whereby concentrated platelets provide damaged tissue with growth factors, cytokines, and other mediators to improve healing outcomes. Although there is strong evidence in the benefits of autologous PRP for both acute and chronic wounds, allogeneic PRP has been studied far less in comparison.
In this mini-review, we discuss critical steps of allogenic PRP (and its derivatives) preparation. We performed a non-systematic review of the literature to identify animal and human subject studies testing allogenic PRP for wound treatment. We searched OVID Medline and PubMed for articles using the keywords "wound, ulcer, lesion, skin, and cutaneous" and "PRP, or platelet-rich plasma, or platelet-rich fibrin, or PRF, or platelet releasate" and "homologous, allogeneic or allogenic," which were limited to non-review articles and English language. Two studies in animal models and 8 studies in patients were reviewed. There were inconsistencies in preparation methods, treatment regimens, and some lacked a control group in their studies. Despite these variations, none of the studies identified any major side effects or adverse events. The treatment resulted in a reduced time to heal and/or reduced wound size in most cases. Key Messages: In situations where autologous PRP is not available or suitable, allogeneic PRP appears to provide a safe alternative. Its efficacy, however, requires larger-scale studies with appropriate controls. Standardization in PRP preparation and treatment regime are also needed to be able to interpret allogenic PRP efficacy.
富含血小板的血浆（PRP）及其衍生物是一种新兴的生物技术，通过浓缩血小板为受损组织提供生长因子、细胞因子和其他介质，以改善愈合效果。尽管自体 PRP 对急性和慢性伤口都有很强的益处证据，但异体 PRP 的研究与之相比要少得多。
在这个小型综述中，我们讨论了异体 PRP（及其衍生物）制备的关键步骤。我们对文献进行了非系统性综述，以确定用于伤口治疗的动物和人体研究测试异体 PRP 的研究。我们在 OVID Medline 和 PubMed 上使用关键词“wound、ulcer、lesion、skin 和 cutaneous”和“PRP、platelet-rich plasma、platelet-rich fibrin、PRF 或 platelet releasate”以及“homologous、allogeneic 或 allogenic”进行了搜索，这些搜索限制在非综述文章和英语文章中。综述了 2 项动物模型研究和 8 项患者研究。在制备方法、治疗方案方面存在不一致之处，有些研究缺乏对照组。尽管存在这些差异，但没有一项研究发现任何重大的副作用或不良事件。在大多数情况下，治疗可缩短愈合时间和/或减少伤口面积。
在无法获得或不适合自体 PRP 的情况下，异体 PRP 似乎是一种安全的替代方法。然而，其疗效需要更大规模的研究，并结合适当的对照。还需要在 PRP 制备和治疗方案方面进行标准化，以便能够解释异体 PRP 的疗效。
