Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
Kidney360. 2021 Jan 28;2(1):167-175. doi: 10.34067/KID.0006052020.
Interstitial inflammation is an important feature of cystic kidney disease. Renal macrophages are the most well-studied inflammatory cell in the kidney, and their involvement in cyst formation has been reported in different animal models and patients with cystic kidney disease. Originally, it was believed that renal macrophages were maintained from a constant supply of bone marrow-derived circulating monocytes, and could be recruited to the kidney in response to local inflammation. However, this idea has been challenged using fate-mapping methods, by showing that at least two distinct developmental origins of macrophages are present in the adult mouse kidney. The first type, infiltrating macrophages, are recruited from circulating monocytes and gradually develop macrophage properties on entering the kidney. The second, resident macrophages, predominantly originate from embryonic precursors, colonize the kidney during its development, and proliferate to maintain their population throughout adulthood. Infiltrating and resident macrophages work together to maintain homeostasis and properly respond to pathologic conditions, such as AKI, cystic kidney disease, or infection. This review will briefly summarize current knowledge of resident macrophages in cystic kidney disease.
间质炎症是囊性肾病的一个重要特征。肾脏巨噬细胞是肾脏中研究最充分的炎症细胞，在不同的动物模型和囊性肾病患者中，都有报道称其参与了囊肿的形成。最初，人们认为肾脏巨噬细胞是由骨髓来源的循环单核细胞源源不断地供应维持的，并能在局部炎症的刺激下被招募到肾脏。然而，使用示踪方法对此观点提出了挑战，表明在成年小鼠肾脏中至少存在两种不同的巨噬细胞发育起源。第一种类型是浸润性巨噬细胞，它们来自循环单核细胞，在进入肾脏后逐渐获得巨噬细胞特性。第二种类型是固有巨噬细胞，主要来源于胚胎前体，在肾脏发育过程中定植，并增殖以维持其在成年期的种群数量。浸润性和固有巨噬细胞共同作用，维持着内环境稳定，并能对 AKI、囊性肾病或感染等病理状况做出适当反应。这篇综述将简要总结固有巨噬细胞在囊性肾病中的最新知识。
