Department of Biotechnology, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India; John B Little Center of Radiation Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
John B Little Center of Radiation Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther. 2021 Dec;14(4):267-274. doi: 10.1016/j.hemonc.2021.01.007. Epub 2021 Feb 17.
Increasing trend in oral cancer (0.6% per year) and its related mortality has been reported worldwide since 2010. The United States alone reports an increase of 57% within the past 10 years. This emphasizes the need not only for designing strategies of prevention and planning but also for an effective treatment regime for the various oral cancers. Cancers of the lips, tongue, cheeks, floor of the mouth, and hard palate have been primarily classified under the category of oral cancers. If left undiagnosed, these cancers can be life threatening. Amongst these, the most undesignated and understudied cancer type is the lip carcinoma, which is either categorized under oral cancer or/as well as skin cancer or head and neck cancer. However, lip cancer corresponds to 25-30% of all diagnosed oral cancers. Though the etiology of lip cancer is not yet fully understood, numerous risk factors involved in its development are now being studied. The cells in the lip region are continuously exposed to various DNA damaging agents from endogenous as well as exogenous sources. Flaws in DNA repair mechanisms involved in eliminating these damages may be linked to the origin of carcinogenesis. Accumulation of DNA damage and defect in repair mechanisms may play a role in lip carcinogenesis and progression. This literature review is an exhaustive compilation of the research work performed on the role of DNA damage and repair responses in lip carcinoma which will pave a path for researchers to identify predictive DNA repair biomarker/s for lip cancer, and its diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.
自 2010 年以来，全球范围内报告称口腔癌（每年增长 0.6%）及其相关死亡率呈上升趋势。仅美国在过去 10 年内就报告增加了 57%。这不仅强调了制定预防策略和规划的必要性，而且还强调了为各种口腔癌制定有效治疗方案的必要性。唇癌、舌癌、颊癌、口底癌和硬腭癌主要被归类为口腔癌。如果未经诊断，这些癌症可能危及生命。在这些癌症中，最未被指定和研究最少的癌症类型是唇癌，它要么被归类为口腔癌，要么被归类为皮肤癌或头颈部癌。然而，唇癌占所有诊断出的口腔癌的 25-30%。尽管唇癌的病因尚未完全清楚，但目前正在研究与其发生相关的许多危险因素。唇区域的细胞不断受到来自内源性和外源性来源的各种 DNA 损伤剂的暴露。参与消除这些损伤的 DNA 修复机制中的缺陷可能与致癌作用的起源有关。DNA 损伤的积累和修复机制的缺陷可能在唇癌的发生和进展中起作用。这篇文献综述是对 DNA 损伤和修复反应在唇癌中作用的研究工作的详尽汇编，为研究人员确定唇癌的预测性 DNA 修复生物标志物及其诊断、预防和治疗铺平了道路。
