Lex B W, Greenwald N E, Lukas S E, Slater J P, Mendelson J H
Harvard-McLean Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02178.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1988 Mar;29(3):509-15. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(88)90012-3.
Family history of alcoholism influences the acute effects of ethanol in young men. We expanded these findings by concomitantly measuring plasma ethanol levels (BALs), subjective intoxication effects, and task performance in young women. Healthy subjects with no familial alcoholism provided informed consent and received 0.75 ml/kg ethanol or isocaloric placebo (n = 10 per group) under randomized double-blind conditions. Assessments were made at 90, 60 and 30 min before, and 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 min after beverage administration. BALs reached 80 mg/dl 45-60 min following ethanol. Dizziness and clumsiness ratings correlated strongly with BAL, but clumsiness and confusion were the strongest effects associated with placebo. Impaired visual selectivity and hand-eye coordination covaried with BAL (p less than 0.05) on written tests. Deficits in abstract instruction and symbol comprehension almost attained statistical significance (p less than 0.06). Compared with previous findings for males, data from the present report suggest that ethanol may have gender-related effects.
酗酒家族史会影响年轻男性对乙醇的急性反应。我们通过同时测量年轻女性的血浆乙醇水平（血液酒精浓度）、主观醉酒反应和任务表现，扩展了这些研究结果。没有家族酗酒史的健康受试者在随机双盲条件下，接受了0.75毫升/千克的乙醇或等热量安慰剂（每组10人）。在饮用饮料前90、60和30分钟以及饮用后15、30、45、60、90、120、150和180分钟进行评估。饮用乙醇后45 - 60分钟，血液酒精浓度达到80毫克/分升。头晕和笨拙评分与血液酒精浓度密切相关，但笨拙和困惑是与安慰剂相关的最强反应。在书面测试中，视觉选择性受损和手眼协调能力与血液酒精浓度相关（p小于0.05）。抽象指令和符号理解方面的缺陷几乎达到统计学意义（p小于0.06）。与之前关于男性的研究结果相比，本报告的数据表明乙醇可能具有性别相关效应。
