Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
Int J Audiol. 2021 Nov;60(11):900-910. doi: 10.1080/14992027.2021.1884907. Epub 2021 Feb 25.
To investigate the effects of listening demands and motivation on listening effort (LE) in a novel speech recognition task.
We manipulated listening demands and motivation using vocoded speech and financial reward, respectively, and measured task performance (correct response rate) and indices of LE (response times (RTs), subjective ratings of LE and likelihood of giving up). Effects of inter-individual differences in cognitive skills and personality on task performance and LE were also assessed within the context of the Cognitive Energetics Theory (CET).
Twenty-four participants with normal-hearing (age range: 19 - 33 years, 6 male).
High listening demands decreased the correct response rate and increased RTs, self-rated LE and self-rated likelihood of giving up. High financial reward increased subjective LE ratings only. Mixed-effects modelling showed small fixed effects for competitiveness on LE measured using RTs. Small fixed effects were found for cognitive skills (lexical decision RTs and backwards digit span) on LE measured using RTs and correct response rate, respectively.
The effects of listening demands on LE in the speech recognition task aligned with CET, whereas predictions regarding the influence of motivation, cognitive skills and personality were only partially supported.
在一项新的语音识别任务中，探究听力需求和动机对听力努力（LE）的影响。
我们分别使用变码语音和经济奖励来操纵听力需求和动机，并测量任务表现（正确反应率）和 LE 的指标（反应时间（RTs）、LE 的主观评价和放弃的可能性）。在认知能量理论（CET）的背景下，还评估了认知技能和个性的个体间差异对任务表现和 LE 的影响。
24 名听力正常的参与者（年龄范围：19-33 岁，6 名男性）。
高听力需求降低了正确反应率并增加了 RTs、自我评估的 LE 和自我评估的放弃可能性。高经济奖励仅增加了主观 LE 评分。混合效应模型显示，在使用 RTs 测量的 LE 上，竞争对 LE 的固定效应较小。在使用 RTs 和正确反应率测量的 LE 上，分别发现认知技能（词汇判断 RTs 和倒背数字广度）的小固定效应。
在语音识别任务中，听力需求对 LE 的影响与 CET 一致，而关于动机、认知技能和个性影响的预测仅得到部分支持。
