Burton S A, Harsh J R, Badia P
Department of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg.
Sleep. 1988 Feb;11(1):61-8.
The relationship between responsiveness to auditory stimuli presented during sleep and cognitive activity during sleep was assessed. Sixteen college-aged women were instructed while awake to turn off a tone by taking a deep breath. The tone was then presented during Stage 2 and REM sleep. Subjects were awakened after select trials to assess the relationship between responding and reports of ongoing cognitive activity. Consistent with the view that cognitive activity reduces responsiveness, significantly fewer responses were found on report (cognitive activity) trials relative to no-report (no cognitive activity) trials in analyses involving all trials and Stage 2 trials alone. Trained judges then rated the subjects' reports of cognitive activity as indicating incorporation or not indicating incorporation of the tone and/or the breathing response. Incorporation was associated with a reduced likelihood of responding relative to no incorporation in analyses involving all trials. No difference in responding was found between no-incorporation trials and no-report trials, suggesting that reduced responsiveness is associated with cognitive activity only when incorporation occurs. These findings support hypotheses that the reduced responsiveness to external stimulation during sleep is at least in part due to ongoing cognitive activity.
研究人员评估了睡眠期间对听觉刺激的反应与睡眠期间认知活动之间的关系。16名大学年龄的女性在清醒时被指示通过深呼吸来关闭一个音调。然后在睡眠第2阶段和快速眼动睡眠期间呈现该音调。在选定的试验后唤醒受试者，以评估反应与正在进行的认知活动报告之间的关系。与认知活动会降低反应性的观点一致，在涉及所有试验和仅睡眠第2阶段试验的分析中，相对于无报告（无认知活动）试验，在报告（认知活动）试验中发现的反应明显更少。然后，训练有素的评判员对受试者关于认知活动的报告进行评分，以确定是否包含音调及/或呼吸反应。在涉及所有试验的分析中，与未包含相比，包含与反应可能性降低相关。未包含试验和无报告试验之间在反应方面没有差异，这表明只有当包含发生时，反应性降低才与认知活动相关。这些发现支持了以下假设：睡眠期间对外界刺激反应性降低至少部分是由于正在进行的认知活动。
