青少年感知到的压力可作为未来精神障碍的标志物：一项前瞻性队列研究。
Perceived stress among adolescents as a marker for future mental disorders: A prospective cohort study.
机构信息
Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark.
Research Centre for Youth and Employment, Regional Hospital West Jutland, University Research Clinic, Denmark.
出版信息
Scand J Public Health. 2022 May;50(3):412-417. doi: 10.1177/1403494821993719. Epub 2021 Mar 1.
AIM
The mental health problems of adolescents are important in relation to their future health and life course. The aim of this study was to investigate perceived stress in adolescence as a marker for later mental disorders.
METHODS
The data consisted of a combination of questionnaire and register data for 11,929 adolescents. Perceived stress was measured using Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale divided into low, moderate and high perceived stress. Mental disorder was identified using the ICD-10 codes for Mental and Behavioural Disorders classified into whether the adolescents were diagnosed or not. Logistic regression was used to examine the prospective association between perceived stress and mental disorders during about 12 months of follow-up, including the adolescents self-rated health, sex and parental education.
RESULTS
In total, 247 adolescents (2.1%) were diagnosed with a mental disorder during follow-up. The perceived stress of the adolescents was associated with mental disorders, yielding two-fold higher odds of developing a mental disorder for adolescents reporting moderate perceived stress and six-fold higher odds among adolescents reporting high perceived stress in the adjusted model.
CONCLUSIONS
目的
青少年的心理健康问题与其未来的健康和生活轨迹息息相关。本研究旨在探究青少年感知到的压力是否可作为日后出现精神障碍的一个标志。
方法
本研究的数据来源于 11929 名青少年的问卷调查和登记数据。使用 Cohen 感知压力量表来衡量感知压力，量表分为低、中、高感知压力三种。采用 ICD-10 编码的精神和行为障碍来识别精神障碍，分类为青少年是否被诊断为精神障碍。采用逻辑回归分析青少年在大约 12 个月的随访期间感知压力与精神障碍之间的前瞻性关联，包括青少年的自评健康状况、性别和父母教育程度。
结果
在随访期间，共有 247 名青少年（2.1%）被诊断患有精神障碍。青少年感知到的压力与精神障碍有关，在调整模型中，报告中度感知压力的青少年出现精神障碍的几率是没有报告中度感知压力的青少年的两倍，报告高度感知压力的青少年出现精神障碍的几率是没有报告高度感知压力的青少年的 6 倍。
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