Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran.
Environ Technol. 2022 Jul;43(18):2713-2729. doi: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1897167. Epub 2021 Apr 5.
The feasibility of employing the biological activated carbon (BAC) process to debilitate azo dye Carmoisine by spp. was investigated. Plate assay revealed the capability of spp. for removal of Carmoisine via degradation. Kinetic parameters were measured for Carmoisine debilitation by spp. using the suspended anaerobic process. Two types of granular and rod-shaped activated carbon were used to form the biological beds in order to study the Carmoisine debilitation in batch processes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were used to indicate the colonization and biofilm formation of bacteria grown on activated carbon particles (ACPs). Thin-layer chromatography (TLC), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and biosorption studies demonstrated biotransformation of Carmoisine into its constituent aromatic amines during the Carmoisine debilitation in suspended anaerobic and BAC processes. The porosity of activated carbons, inoculation size and age of biological beds were the important factors affecting the viability of bacterial cells grown on ACPs and, consequently, the rate and efficiency of the Carmoisine debilitation process determined through spectrophotometry. The reusability of biological beds was demonstrated by conducting sequential batch experiments. In conclusion, the BAC process proved to be an efficient method for anaerobic dye degradation.
采用 spp. 的生物活性炭（BAC）工艺来削弱偶氮染料胭脂红的可行性进行了研究。平板试验显示 spp. 具有通过降解去除胭脂红的能力。采用悬浮厌氧工艺测量 spp. 对胭脂红削弱的动力学参数。使用两种类型的颗粒状和棒状活性炭来形成生物床，以研究批处理过程中的胭脂红削弱。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和共聚焦激光扫描显微镜（CLSM）用于指示在活性炭颗粒（ACP）上生长的细菌的定植和生物膜形成。薄层层析（TLC）、液相色谱-质谱联用（LC-MS）、高效液相色谱（HPLC）和生物吸附研究表明，在悬浮厌氧和 BAC 工艺中，胭脂红被生物转化为其组成的芳香胺。活性炭的孔隙率、接种量和生物床的年龄是影响 ACP 上生长的细菌细胞活力的重要因素，因此，通过分光光度法确定胭脂红削弱过程的速率和效率。通过连续批实验证明了生物床的可重复使用性。总之，BAC 工艺被证明是一种有效的厌氧染料降解方法。
