Pemmaraju Naveen, Chen Natalie C, Verstovsek Srdan
Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard #3000, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas School of Health Sciences at Houston, 6431 Fannin, MSB 1.150, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2021 Apr;35(2):409-429. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2020.12.007. Epub 2021 Feb 2.
Myeloproliferative neoplasms are characterized by chronic inflammation. The discovery of constitutively active JAK-STAT signaling associated with driver mutations has led to clinical and translational breakthroughs. Insights into the other pathways and novel factors of potential importance are being actively investigated. Various classes of agents with immunomodulating or immunosuppressive properties have been used with varying degrees of success in treating myeloproliferative neoplasms. Early clinical trials are investigating the feasibility, effectiveness, and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors, cell-based immunotherapies, and SMAC mimetics. The dynamic landscape of immunotherapy and immunomodulation in myeloproliferative neoplasms is the topic of the present review.
骨髓增殖性肿瘤的特征是慢性炎症。与驱动突变相关的组成型活性JAK-STAT信号传导的发现带来了临床和转化医学的突破。对其他潜在重要途径和新因子的深入了解正在积极研究中。具有免疫调节或免疫抑制特性的各类药物在治疗骨髓增殖性肿瘤方面已取得不同程度的成功。早期临床试验正在研究免疫检查点抑制剂、基于细胞的免疫疗法和SMAC模拟物的可行性、有效性和安全性。骨髓增殖性肿瘤中免疫治疗和免疫调节的动态格局是本综述的主题。
