Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Maejo University, Chiangmai, Thailand.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2021 Jul;105(4):653-663. doi: 10.1111/jpn.13514. Epub 2021 Mar 1.
The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of feeding pellet containing high sulphur (PELFUR) diet and fresh cassava root (FCR) to Thai native beef cattle on feed use efficiency, ruminal characteristics and blood metabolites. Four male purebred Thai native beef cattle (1.5-2.0 years old) with initial body weight (BW) of 150 ± 15.0 kg were allocated with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Factor A was FCR supplementation at 15 and 20 g/kg of BW. Factor B was the sulphur level in the PELFUR ration at 15 and 30 g/kg of dry matter (DM). No interaction effect was found among FCR supplementation and PELFUR in terms of feed intake and nutrient intake (p > 0.05). Cyanide intake was significantly increased based on FCR supplementation (p < 0.05), whereas sulphur intake was increased by level addition of PELFUR levels (p < 0.05). There were interaction effects among FCR supplementation and PELFUR on digestibility coefficients of DM and organic matter (OM) (p < 0.05). FCR supplementation at 20 g/kg BW with PELFUR 30 g/kg demonstrated the highest digestibility of DM and OM. Moreover, interactions were observed between FCR and PELFUR for bacterial populations (p < 0.01). The populations of bacteria were highest in FCR supplementation at 20 g/kg BW with PELFUR 30 g/kg at various feeding times. An interaction effect from among feeding FCR with PELFUR was found on blood thiocyanate concentrations at various feeding times (p < 0.01). The highest mean values of blood thiocyanate were observed when feeding FCR at 20 g/kg BW with PELFUR at 30 g/kg. No interaction effect was found between FCR and PELFUR on total volatile fatty acids (VFA) and their profiles (p > 0.05). However, the proportions of the total VFA at 0 and 4 h post-feeding were increased when FCR at 20 g/kg BW was supplemented (p < 0.01). FCR at 20 g/kg BW could enhance propionate (C3) at 4 h post-feeding when compared with FCR at 15 g/kg BW (p < 0.01). Moreover, supplementation of PELFUR at 30 g/kg increased the total VFA at 0 and 4 h post-feeding, whereas the concentration of C3 at 4 h post-feeding was enhanced (p < 0.05). However, no significant changes were found for any parameters among treatments and between the main effect of FCR and PELFUR supplementation (p > 0.05). In conclusion, feeding of two combinations (FCR 20 g/kg BW with PELFUR 30 g/kg) could promote the nutrient digestibility, the bacterial populations and the rate of disappearance of cyanide without having any adverse effect on rumen fermentation.
本实验的目的是研究给泰国本地牛饲喂含高硫（PELFUR）的颗粒饲料和新鲜木薯根（FCR）对饲料利用效率、瘤胃特性和血液代谢物的影响。4 头 1.5-2.0 岁的纯泰国本地牛（初始体重为 150±15.0kg），采用 2×2 因子设计，在 4×4 拉丁方设计中进行分配。因子 A 为 FCR 补饲量为 15 和 20g/kg BW。因子 B 为 PELFUR 日粮中的硫水平为 15 和 30g/kg 干物质（DM）。FCR 补饲和 PELFUR 之间的互作效应对采食量和养分摄入量没有影响（p>0.05）。FCR 补饲（p<0.05）显著增加了氰化物的摄入量，而 PELFUR 水平的增加则增加了硫的摄入量（p<0.05）。FCR 补饲和 PELFUR 对 DM 和有机物（OM）的消化系数有互作效应（p<0.05）。FCR 补饲 20g/kg BW 加 PELFUR 30g/kg 表现出最高的 DM 和 OM 消化率。此外，FCR 和 PELFUR 之间的互作还观察到细菌种群的变化（p<0.01）。在不同的饲养时间，FCR 补饲 20g/kg BW 加 PELFUR 30g/kg 时，细菌数量最高。在不同的饲养时间，FCR 与 PELFUR 的互作效应还发现血液硫氰酸盐浓度有变化（p<0.01）。当 FCR 补饲 20g/kg BW 加 PELFUR 30g/kg 时，血液硫氰酸盐的平均浓度最高。FCR 和 PELFUR 之间对总挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）及其谱没有互作效应（p>0.05）。然而，当 FCR 补饲 20g/kg BW 时，0 和 4 小时后总 VFA 的比例增加（p<0.01）。与 FCR 补饲 15g/kg BW 相比，FCR 补饲 20g/kg BW 可增加 4 小时后丙酸（C3）的含量（p<0.01）。此外，当 PELFUR 补饲 30g/kg 时，0 和 4 小时后的总 VFA 增加，而 4 小时后的 C3 浓度增加（p<0.05）。然而，在处理之间和 FCR 和 PELFUR 补充的主要效应之间没有发现任何参数有显著变化（p>0.05）。总之，两种组合（FCR 20g/kg BW 加 PELFUR 30g/kg）的饲喂可以促进养分消化率、细菌数量和氰化物的消失率，而对瘤胃发酵没有任何不利影响。
