Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing and Balance Research Unit, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
J Vestib Res. 2021;31(5):389-399. doi: 10.3233/VES-201502.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the severity of vestibular drop attack (VDA) in Ménière's disease (MD) and to examine the association between VDA severity and other MD-related complaints. The study used a cross-sectional survey design using an electronic questionnaire. The mean age of participants was 56.7 years, and the mean duration of MD was 12.4 years. Four categories of VDA were identified based on level of severity. VDA occurred in 305 (50.7%) of the 602 patients. Of these, 133 patients (22%) experienced mild VDA (i.e., associated with tripping); 80 (13%) experienced moderate VDA (i.e., associated with fall threat unless they had been able to grab support); and 92 (15%) experienced severe VDA (i.e., patients fell to the ground, as in a classical Tumarkin attack). In 70%of participants, VDA occurred less than once a week. VDA lasted for only a few seconds in 90%of participants. 87%reported single attacks, whereas 13%experienced VDA in clusters. VDA was associated with visual auras, reduced quality of life, poor postural control, and fatigue. Approximately half of MD patients experience VDA with varying degrees of severity. If VDA causes falls or near-falls, the attacks should be appropriately treated.
本研究旨在评估梅尼埃病（MD）中前庭阵发症（VDA）的严重程度，并探讨 VDA 严重程度与其他 MD 相关症状之间的关系。本研究采用横断面调查设计，使用电子问卷。参与者的平均年龄为 56.7 岁，MD 的平均病程为 12.4 年。根据严重程度，将 VDA 分为四个类别。在 602 名患者中，有 305 名（50.7%）发生 VDA。其中，133 名患者（22%）出现轻度 VDA（即与绊倒有关）；80 名患者（13%）出现中度 VDA（即有跌倒威胁，除非他们能够抓住支撑物）；92 名患者（15%）出现重度 VDA（即患者倒地，如经典 Tumarkin 发作）。在 70%的参与者中，VDA 每周发生不到一次。在 90%的参与者中，VDA 持续时间仅为数秒钟。87%的人报告有单次发作，而 13%的人有 VDA 发作簇。VDA 与视觉先兆、生活质量下降、姿势控制不良和疲劳有关。大约一半的 MD 患者经历不同程度的 VDA。如果 VDA 导致跌倒或险些跌倒，应进行适当治疗。
