Wassihun Biresaw, Wosen Kidist, Getie Asmare, Belay Kalkidan, Tesfaye Rehal, Tadesse Tewodros, Alemayehu Yosef, Yihune Manaye, Aklilu Addis, Gebayehu Kassahun, Zeleke Shegaw
College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Contracept Reprod Med. 2021 Mar 2;6(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s40834-021-00150-z.
Contraception allows women to realize their human right to decide if and when to have children and helps people to attain their desired family size. Yet 214 million women of a reproductive age in developing countries who want to avoid pregnancy are not using a modern contraceptive method. Women who have recently given birth are among the group with the highest unmet need for contraception. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence of postpartum family planning use and associated factors among postpartum women in Southern Ethiopia.
Institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted. A structured and pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data from study participants. Study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique by allocating proportionally to each health facility. The data was entered using EPI data version 3.1statistical software and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0 for further analysis. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify associated factors. P values < 0.05 with 95% confidence level was used to declare statistica significance.
Overall, 44% of postpartum women utilize postpartum family planning. Having an antenatal care visit [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =1.89(95%CI, 2.42-7.90), having planned pregnancy [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.17(95%CI, 1.60-2.28)], being married (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =2.86(1.94-8.73), and having a college and above level educational status (AOR) =1.66(1.28-3.55) were significantly associated with utilization of postpartum family planning.
This study showed that the prevalence of postpartum family planning was 44%. Marital status, educational status of mothers, the status of pregnancy, and having an antenatal care follow-up during pregnancy were some factors associated with postpartum family planning utilization. Therefore, strengthening family planning counselling during antenatal and postnatal care visits, improving utilization of postnatal care services and improving women's educational status are crucial steps to enhance contraceptive use among postpartum women.
避孕使女性能够实现自主决定是否生育以及何时生育的人权，并帮助人们实现理想的家庭规模。然而，发展中国家有2.14亿育龄妇女希望避免怀孕却未采用现代避孕方法。刚分娩的妇女是避孕需求未得到满足比例最高的群体之一。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚南部产后妇女中产后计划生育的使用情况及相关因素。
采用基于机构的横断面研究设计。使用经过结构化和预测试的访谈式问卷从研究参与者中收集数据。通过系统随机抽样技术按比例分配到每个卫生机构来选择研究参与者。数据使用EPI数据3.1版统计软件录入，并导出到社会科学统计软件包22.0版进行进一步分析。进行双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析以确定相关因素。使用95%置信水平下P值<0.05来判定统计学显著性。
总体而言，44%的产后妇女使用产后计划生育。进行产前检查[调整优势比（AOR）=1.89（95%置信区间，2.42 - 7.90）]、计划怀孕[调整优势比（AOR）=1.17（95%置信区间，1.60 - 2.28）]、已婚（调整优势比（AOR）=2.86（1.94 - 8.73））以及具有大专及以上教育程度（AOR）=1.66（1.28 - 3.55）与产后计划生育的使用显著相关。
本研究表明产后计划生育的使用率为44%。婚姻状况、母亲的教育状况、怀孕状况以及孕期进行产前检查随访是与产后计划生育使用相关的一些因素。因此，在产前和产后护理访视期间加强计划生育咨询、提高产后护理服务的利用率以及提高妇女的教育水平是提高产后妇女避孕使用率的关键步骤。
