Iveson Matthew H, Taylor Adele, Harris Sarah E, Deary Ian J, McIntosh Andrew M
Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Mental Health Data Science Scotland, Edinburgh, UK.
Psychol Med. 2021 Mar 2;52(16):1-9. doi: 10.1017/S0033291721000623.
Previous results have been mixed regarding the role of the apolipoprotein E e4 (APOE e4) allele in later-life depression: some studies note that carriers experience greater symptoms and increased risk while others find no such association. However, there are few prospective, population-based studies of the APOE e4-depression association and fewer that examine depressive symptom trajectory and depression risk longitudinally. We examined the association between APOE e4 allele status and longitudinal change in depressive symptoms and depression risk in later-life, over a 12-year follow-up period.
We used data from 690 participants of the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 who took part in the Scottish Mental Survey 1947 (aged 11) and were followed-up in later-life over five waves from 2004 to 2019 (aged 70-82). We used APOE e4 allele status to predict longitudinal change in depressive symptom scores and risk of depression (defined by a symptom score threshold or use of depression-related medication). Models were adjusted for sex, childhood cognitive ability, childhood social class, education, adult social class, smoking status and functional limitations at baseline.
Depressive symptom scores increased with age. Once adjusted for covariates, APOE e4 allele status did not significantly predict symptom score trajectories or depression risk. Greater functional limitations at baseline significantly predicted poorer symptom score trajectories and increased depression risk (defined by medications). APOE e4 allele status did not significantly moderate the contribution of sex, education or functional limitations.
There was no evidence that APOE e4 carriers experience an increased risk for later-life depression.
先前关于载脂蛋白E e4（APOE e4）等位基因在晚年抑郁症中作用的研究结果不一：一些研究指出，携带该基因的个体症状更严重，患病风险增加，而另一些研究则未发现此类关联。然而，很少有基于人群的前瞻性研究探讨APOE e4与抑郁症的关联，更少的研究纵向考察抑郁症状轨迹和抑郁风险。我们在12年的随访期内，研究了APOE e4等位基因状态与晚年抑郁症状纵向变化及抑郁风险之间的关联。
我们使用了来自1936年洛锡安出生队列的690名参与者的数据，他们参加了1947年的苏格兰精神调查（当时年龄为11岁），并在2004年至2019年期间（年龄为70 - 82岁）接受了五次随访。我们使用APOE e4等位基因状态来预测抑郁症状评分的纵向变化以及抑郁风险（由症状评分阈值或使用与抑郁症相关的药物来定义）。模型对性别、童年认知能力、童年社会阶层、教育程度、成年社会阶层、吸烟状况和基线时的功能受限情况进行了调整。
抑郁症状评分随年龄增长而增加。在对协变量进行调整后，APOE e4等位基因状态并未显著预测症状评分轨迹或抑郁风险。基线时功能受限程度越高，显著预示着症状评分轨迹越差，抑郁风险增加（由药物使用定义）。APOE e4等位基因状态并未显著调节性别、教育程度或功能受限的影响。
没有证据表明APOE e4携带者在晚年患抑郁症的风险增加。
