Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Lothian Birth Cohorts, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2022 Dec 29;77(12):2257-2264. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbac107.
Although commonly used to model associations between intergenerational social mobility and health, linear regression cannot estimate the contributions of origin, destination, and mobility independently. Nonlinear diagonal reference models (DRMs) have become a popular alternative and have been applied to various health outcomes, though few studies examine the impact of social mobility on later-life health.
This study revisits health outcomes examined in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936, using DRMs to assess the association between intergenerational social mobility and satisfaction with life, self-rated health, depression, and mortality from age 68-82 years.
After adjusting for sex, age, education, and childhood cognitive ability, there was no evidence of an association between intergenerational social mobility and later-life health; participants experiencing upward or downward mobility had similar odds of poor health outcomes as non-mobile participants. However, those from higher occupational social classes exhibited lower odds of mortality (p = .01), with a stronger contribution of adult (own) than of childhood (father's) social class (weights = 0.75 vs. 0.25). No other outcomes demonstrated significant associations with socioeconomic position.
This adds to evidence that social mobility does not influence variation in later-life health once other factors-including socioeconomic origins and destinations-are accounted for.
尽管线性回归常用于模拟代际社会流动与健康之间的关联，但它无法独立估计起源、目的地和流动的贡献。非线性对角参考模型（DRM）已成为一种流行的替代方法，并已应用于各种健康结果，但很少有研究探讨社会流动对晚年健康的影响。
本研究重新考察了洛锡安出生队列 1936 年研究中检查的健康结果，使用 DRM 评估代际社会流动与生活满意度、自我报告的健康状况、抑郁和 68-82 岁时的死亡率之间的关联。
在调整了性别、年龄、教育程度和儿童认知能力后，代际社会流动与晚年健康之间没有关联的证据；经历向上或向下流动的参与者与非流动参与者的不良健康结果的几率相似。然而，来自较高职业社会阶层的人表现出较低的死亡几率（p =.01），成年（自己的）社会阶层比儿童（父亲的）社会阶层的贡献更大（权重分别为 0.75 和 0.25）。没有其他结果与社会经济地位表现出显著关联。
这增加了证据表明，一旦考虑到其他因素（包括社会经济起点和终点），社会流动不会影响晚年健康的变化。
