School of Resource Environment and Tourism, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, Henan, China.
Key Laboratory of Geographical Process and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education/State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration/College of Geographical Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2021 Feb;32(2):467-476. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202102.006.
Modern phytolith research is the premise to accurately reconstruct the regional paleovegetation and paleoclimate. It is thus particularly important to study the spatial distribution characteristics of the phytolith assemblages and the response of the phytolith to environmental factors. In this study, we collected 54 topsoil samples along the isohyet of 600 mm in Northeast China to examine the distribution patterns of phytolith along the gradient of single environmental factor. With this special sampling method, we targeted to reveal the responses of phytolith assemblages in the topsoil to the variation of temperature. The results showed that there were a large number of phytoliths with various morphotypes in the 54 topsoil samples in Northeast China. The phytolith morphotypes were the same, including elongate, lanceolate, blocky, cuneiform, tabular, saddle, rondel, bilobate, trapeziform polylobate, prism, silicified stomata, conduit, papillae, sclereid and carinate. In gene-ral, the contributions of elongate and lanceolate were high; the contributions of short cell phytoliths, blocky, tabular and cuneiform were small relatively; the contributions of the other types of phytoliths were less than 1.0% and appeared sporadically in the topsoil samples. Besides, the phytolith assemblages of the topsoil samples were different among Xiaoxing'an Mountains, Songliao Plain and Liaoxi hills. Combined with the discriminant analysis, the samples from the three regions could be effectively separated based on the phytoliths assemblages, with a total accuracy of 94.4%. Specifi-cally, the average percentage of elongate, lanceolate, prism was the largest in Xiaoxing'an Mountains, and was the smallest in Liaoxi hills; the percentage of saddle, bilobate, papillae was the largest in Liaoxi hills and the smallest in Xiaoxing'an Mountains; the percentage of blocky, tabular, cuneiform was the largest in Songliao Plain. Meanwhile, the percentages of the elongate, lanceolate, prism, saddle, bilobate, papillae, blocky, tabular, cuneiform were significant diffe-rences among the three regions. There were significant negative correlations between the percentages of elongate, lanceolate, prism and the annual average temperature, and positive relationships between the percentages of the blocky, tabular, cuneiform, bilobate, papillae and the annual average temperature. However, the percentage of saddle, rondel and trapeziform polylobate did not change with increasing annual average temperature.
现代植硅石研究是准确重建区域古植被和古气候的前提。因此，研究植硅石组合的空间分布特征以及植硅石对环境因素的响应尤为重要。本研究沿中国东北 600mm 等雨量线采集了 54 个表层土壤样本，以研究单环境因子梯度上植硅石的分布模式。通过这种特殊的采样方法，我们旨在揭示表层土壤中植硅石组合对温度变化的响应。结果表明，在中国东北的 54 个表层土壤样本中，存在大量形态各异的植硅石。植硅石形态类型相同，包括长形、披针形、块状、楔形、板状、鞍状、圆形、双叶形、多叶形、棱柱形、硅化气孔、导管、乳突、石细胞和脊状。总体而言，长形和披针形的贡献较高；短细胞植硅石、块状、板状和楔形的贡献相对较小；其他类型的植硅石的贡献小于 1.0%，并且在表层土壤样本中零星出现。此外，小兴安岭、松辽平原和辽西丘陵地区的表层土壤样本中的植硅石组合不同。结合判别分析，基于植硅石组合可以有效地将这三个地区的样本分开，总准确率为 94.4%。具体来说，小兴安岭地区长形、披针形、棱柱形的平均百分比最大，辽西丘陵地区最小；鞍形、双叶形、乳突的百分比在辽西丘陵地区最大，在小兴安岭地区最小；板状、楔形、块状的百分比在松辽平原最大。同时，长形、披针形、棱柱形、鞍形、双叶形、乳突、块状、板状、楔形的百分比在三个地区之间存在显著差异。长形、披针形、棱柱形的百分比与年平均温度呈显著负相关，块状、板状、楔形、双叶形、乳突的百分比与年平均温度呈显著正相关。然而，鞍形、圆形和多叶形的百分比并不随年平均温度的升高而变化。
