Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Skou-building, C.F. Møllers Alle 6, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2021 Mar 2;23(4):22. doi: 10.1007/s11926-021-00991-2.
This review will focus on the most common co-inhibitory molecules, emphasizing the importance of these in relation to rheumatic disease.
Checkpoint molecules are pivotal in determining the outcome of antigen activation. Checkpoint molecules consist of co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules, where the first activates and the latter inhibits the antigen presentation process. Studies show that increased activity of co-inhibitory molecules is associated with a good prognosis in rheumatic diseases. Opposite, when cancer patients are treated with antibodies blocking the inhibitory pathways, autoimmune diseases, including arthritis, develop as immune-related adverse events (IrAE). This emphasizes the importance of these pathways in autoimmune disease. Co-inhibitory molecules are becoming increasingly interesting as future treatment targets in rheumatic conditions. Treatments with antibodies blocking these pathways result in IrAE, often manifesting as autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Therefore, a need to get acquainted with these molecules is growing so we can cope with future challenges in rheumatic diseases.
本篇综述将集中讨论最常见的共抑制分子，强调这些分子在风湿性疾病中的重要性。
检查点分子在决定抗原激活的结果中起着关键作用。检查点分子包括共刺激和共抑制分子，前者激活，后者抑制抗原呈递过程。研究表明，共抑制分子活性增加与风湿性疾病的良好预后相关。相反，当癌症患者接受阻断抑制途径的抗体治疗时，自身免疫性疾病（包括关节炎）会作为免疫相关不良事件（IrAE）发展。这强调了这些途径在自身免疫性疾病中的重要性。共抑制分子作为风湿性疾病未来治疗靶点的重要性日益增加。阻断这些途径的抗体治疗会导致 IrAE，常表现为自身免疫性风湿病。因此，我们需要越来越熟悉这些分子，以应对风湿性疾病的未来挑战。
