Geersing Tjerk H, Tempels-Pavlica Žana, Borgsteede Sander D
OLVG, Ziekenhuisapotheek, Amsterdam.
Contact: Tjerk H. Geersing (
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2021 Feb 5;165:D5804.
In 2021 many people in the Netherlands will be vaccinated against COVID-19. The mass vaccination and the new types of vaccines trigger questions about the safety of these vaccines. In this paper we discuss: (1) what reactions are expected from COVID-19 vaccines, (2) what precautions are needed when vaccinating people, and (3) how to act when allergic reactions occur. The COVID-19 vaccines include the first vaccines produced with the mRNA platform. The most frequent adverse reactions are comparable with other vaccines. Allergic reactions to COVID-19 vaccines are rare but can occur. These reactions may be related to excipients in the vaccines, like polyethylene glycol. In case of a possible allergic reaction, a doctor, in consultation with an allergist, can investigate whether vaccination is safe in the future and whether precautions are necessary. Allergic reactions to vaccine components must be recorded completely and unambiguously in the patient file.
2021年，荷兰许多人将接种新冠病毒疫苗。大规模接种以及新型疫苗引发了有关这些疫苗安全性的问题。在本文中，我们将讨论：（1）新冠病毒疫苗可能会引发哪些反应，（2）给人们接种疫苗时需要采取哪些预防措施，以及（3）出现过敏反应时应如何应对。新冠病毒疫苗包括首批采用信使核糖核酸（mRNA）平台生产的疫苗。最常见的不良反应与其他疫苗类似。对新冠病毒疫苗的过敏反应很少见，但有可能发生。这些反应可能与疫苗中的辅料有关，比如聚乙二醇。如果可能发生过敏反应，医生可与过敏症专科医生协商，调查未来接种疫苗是否安全以及是否需要采取预防措施。疫苗成分过敏反应必须完整、明确地记录在患者病历中。
