Synchronization of wave structures in a heterogeneous multiplex network of 2D lattices with attractive and repulsive intra-layer coupling.

We explore numerically the synchronization effects in a heterogeneous two-layer network of two-dimensional (2D) lattices of van der Pol oscillators. The inter-layer coupling of the multiplex network has an attractive character. One layer of 2D lattices is characterized by attractive coupling of oscillators and demonstrates a spiral wave regime for both local and nonlocal interactions. The oscillators in the second layer are coupled through active elements and the interaction between them has repulsive character. We show that the lattice with the repulsive type of coupling demonstrates complex spatiotemporal cluster structures, which can be called labyrinth-like structures. We show for the first time that this multiplex network with fundamentally various types of intra-layer coupling demonstrates mutual synchronization and a competition between two types of structures. Our numerical study indicates that the synchronization threshold and the type of spatiotemporal patterns in both layers strongly depend on the ratio of the intra-layer coupling strength of the two lattices. We also analyze the impact of intra-layer coupling ranges on the synchronization effects.