Department of Preventive Oncology, Dr BR Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India.
Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute of Research & Medical Consultation, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
Future Oncol. 2021 May;17(14):1793-1810. doi: 10.2217/fon-2020-0789. Epub 2021 Mar 3.
Lung cancer is generally diagnosed at advanced stages when surgical resection is not possible. Late diagnosis, along with development of chemoresistance, results in high mortality. Preventive approaches, including smoking cessation, chemoprevention and early detection are needed to improve survival. Smoking cessation combined with low-dose computed tomography screening has modestly improved survival. Chemoprevention has also shown some promise. Despite these successes, most lung cancer cases remain undetected until advanced stages. Additional early detection strategies may further improve survival and treatment outcome. Molecular alterations taking place during lung carcinogenesis have the potential to be used in early detection via noninvasive methods and may also serve as biomarkers for success of chemopreventive approaches. This review focuses on the utilization of molecular biomarkers to increase the efficacy of various preventive approaches.
肺癌通常在无法进行手术切除的晚期阶段被诊断出来。晚期诊断以及化疗耐药的发展导致高死亡率。需要预防措施，包括戒烟、化学预防和早期发现，以提高生存率。戒烟结合低剂量计算机断层扫描筛查适度提高了生存率。化学预防也显示出一些希望。尽管取得了这些成功，但大多数肺癌病例在晚期仍未被发现。额外的早期检测策略可能会进一步提高生存率和治疗效果。在肺癌发生过程中发生的分子改变有可能通过非侵入性方法用于早期检测，并可作为化学预防方法成功的生物标志物。本综述重点讨论了利用分子生物标志物来提高各种预防方法的效果。
