Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Ciencias de la Alimentación, Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal. Universitat de València, Vicente Andrès Estellès S/n, Burjassot, 46100, Valencia, Spain; Departamento de Biotecnología. Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), C/ Catedrático Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna, 46980, Valencia, Spain.
Departamento de Biotecnología. Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), C/ Catedrático Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna, 46980, Valencia, Spain.
Food Microbiol. 2021 Aug;97:103760. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103760. Epub 2021 Feb 8.
The global challenge to prevent fungal spoilage and mycotoxin contamination on foods and feeds require the development of new antifungal strategies. Filamentous fungi encode diverse antifungal proteins (AFPs), which offer a great potential for the control of contaminant fungi. In this study, four AFPs from Penicillium digitatum (PdAfpB) and Penicillium expansum (PeAfpA, PeAfpB and PeAfpC) belonging to classes A, B and C, were tested against a representative panel of mycotoxin-producing fungi. They included a total of 38 strains representing 32 different species belonging to the genera Alternaria, Aspergillus, Byssochlamys, Fusarium and Penicillium. PeAfpA exhibited a potent antifungal activity, since the growth of all tested fungi was completely inhibited by concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 16 μg/mL. PdAfpB and PeAfpB, although less effective than PeAfpA, showed significant activity against most of the mycotoxigenic fungi tested. Importantly, PeAfpC previously described as inactive, showed a powerful inhibition against B. spectabilis strains, which are important spoilage and mycotoxin fungi in pasteurized foods. Although less effective than in liquid media, AFPs affected fungal growth on solid media. This study also underlines the potential of these AFPs, in particular PeAfpA, as future antifungal agents for applications in foods, on growing crops or during postharvest storage.
防止食品和饲料中真菌腐败和真菌毒素污染是全球性的挑战，这需要开发新的抗真菌策略。丝状真菌编码多种抗真菌蛋白（AFPs），这些蛋白为控制污染真菌提供了巨大的潜力。在这项研究中，测试了来自青霉属（PdAfpB）和扩展青霉（PeAfpA、PeAfpB 和 PeAfpC）的四种 AFP，它们属于 A、B 和 C 类，针对一组代表性的产真菌毒素真菌。共有 38 株代表 32 个不同种属的真菌被测试，包括链格孢属、曲霉属、毕赤酵母属、镰刀菌属和青霉属。PeAfpA 表现出很强的抗真菌活性，因为所有测试真菌的生长在 0.5 到 16μg/mL 的浓度范围内完全被抑制。PdAfpB 和 PeAfpB 虽然不如 PeAfpA 有效，但对大多数测试的产真菌毒素真菌表现出显著的活性。重要的是，以前被描述为不活跃的 PeAfpC 对 B. spectabilis 菌株表现出强大的抑制作用，B. spectabilis 是巴氏杀菌食品中的重要腐败和真菌毒素真菌。尽管在固体培养基上的效果不如在液体培养基上，但 AFP 会影响真菌的生长。这项研究还强调了这些 AFP 的潜力，特别是 PeAfpA，作为未来用于食品、作物生长或收获后储存的抗真菌剂的应用。
