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驾驶员在不同车辆前照灯系统下的眩光暴露。

Driver glare exposure with different vehicle frontlighting systems.

机构信息

Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain.

Departamento de Estructuras y Física de Edificación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain.

出版信息

J Safety Res. 2021 Feb;76:228-237. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2020.12.018. Epub 2021 Jan 8.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Highway safety performance at night has received less attention in research than daytime, despite the higher accident rates occurring under night-time conditions. This study presents a procedure to assess the potential hazard for drivers created by headlight glare and its interaction with the geometric design of highways.

METHOD

The proposed procedure consists of a line-of-sight analysis performed by a geoprocessing model in geographic information systems to determine whether the rays of light that connect headlights and oncoming drivers are obstructed by either the roadway or its roadsides. Then, the procedure checks whether the non-obstructed rays of light are enclosed by a given headlight beam. Different hypotheses were set concerning the headlight beam features, including the horizontal spread angle and whether the headlights are fixed or swiveling. A highway section was selected to test and validate the procedure proposed. A 3D recreation of the highway and its environment derived from a LiDAR point cloud was used for this purpose.

RESULTS

The findings disclose how glare is produced on tangents, horizontal curves, transitions between them and sequences of curves. The effect of visual obstructions conveniently placed is also discussed.

CONCLUSIONS

A greater glare incidence is produced as the horizontal headlights spread angle increases. Swiveling headlights increase glare on highways left curves and reduce it on right curves. Practical Applications: The procedure and conclusions of this study can contribute to develop more effective glare avoidance technologies as well as identify and assess glare-prone sections. The glare evaluation assists in evaluating glare countermeasures such as deciding whether to place a vegetation barrier and where.

摘要

简介

尽管夜间条件下的事故率更高,但夜间公路安全性能在研究中受到的关注不如白天多。本研究提出了一种评估车灯眩目对驾驶员潜在危险的方法,以及其与公路几何设计的相互作用。

方法

所提出的程序包括通过地理信息系统中的地理处理模型进行视线分析,以确定连接车头灯和迎面而来的驾驶员的光线是否被道路或其路肩遮挡。然后,该程序检查未被遮挡的光线是否被给定的车灯光束包围。对于车灯光束的特征,提出了不同的假设,包括水平扩展角度以及车灯是固定的还是可旋转的。选择了一段公路进行测试和验证所提出的程序。为此目的,使用了源自 LiDAR 点云的公路及其环境的 3D 重建。

结果

研究结果揭示了在切线、水平曲线、它们之间的过渡以及曲线序列中产生眩目的方式。还讨论了方便放置的视觉障碍物的影响。

结论

随着水平车头灯扩展角度的增加,眩目发生率会增加。旋转的车头灯增加了左弯道上的眩目程度,降低了右弯道上的眩目程度。

实际应用

本研究的程序和结论可以有助于开发更有效的眩光避免技术,并确定和评估易受眩光影响的路段。眩光评估有助于评估眩光对策,例如决定是否放置植被屏障以及放置的位置。

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