Michael V. Relf, PhD, RN, AACRN, ACNS-BC, CNE, ANEF, FAAN, is Associate Dean for Global and Community Health Affairs, Duke University School of Nursing, and Associate Research Professor, Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA. William L. Holzemer, PhD, RN, FAAN, is Distinguished Professor and Dean Emeritus, Rutgers University School of Nursing, Newark, New Brunswick, & Blackwood, New Jersey, USA. Lauren Holt, MSN, RN, is a PhD Student, Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina, USA. Laura Nyblade, PhD, is Fellow and Senior Technical Advisor, Stigma and Discrimination, Research Triangle International, Washington, DC, USA. Courtney Ellis Caiola, PhD, MPH, RN, CNE, is Assistant Professor, East Carolina University, College of Nursing, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2021;32(3):392-407. doi: 10.1097/JNC.0000000000000237.
Stigma is a fundamental cause of health inequities. As such, stigma is a major barrier to HIV prevention, care, and treatment. This review will examine the concept of stigma, explicating the mechanisms of action of HIV-related stigma while also examining intersectional stigma and structural stigma. Instruments to measure HIV-related stigma and its mechanisms of action, as well as stigma enacted and experienced by HIV health care providers, will also be reviewed. This article will conclude with a review of stigma interventions, gaps in the literature, and priorities for future HIV, intersectional, and structural stigma research.
污名是健康不平等的一个根本原因。因此，污名是艾滋病毒预防、护理和治疗的主要障碍。本综述将探讨污名的概念，详细说明与艾滋病毒相关的污名的作用机制，同时也审查交叉污名和结构性污名。还将审查衡量与艾滋病毒相关的污名及其作用机制的工具，以及艾滋病毒保健提供者实施和经历的污名。本文最后将审查污名干预措施、文献中的差距以及艾滋病毒、交叉和结构性污名研究的未来优先事项。
Am J Public Health. 2022-6
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