Thirukumar Markandu, Sinnathurai Ahilan
Clinical Science, Faculty of Health Care Sciences, Eastern University, Batticaloa, LKA.
Pathology, Teaching Hospital, Batticaloa, LKA.
Cureus. 2021 Jan 27;13(1):e12947. doi: 10.7759/cureus.12947.
Background Genital tract malignancies have a significant contribution to morbidity and mortality, particularly in resource-poor countries, including Sri Lanka. The distribution of such tumours varies from region to region. Methodology This was a retrospective, observational study at the Teaching Hospital, Batticaloa for five and a half years, from January 2012 to June 2017, and aimed at analyzing the pattern of gynaecological malignancies. All the histologically confirmed gynaecological cancers arising from the uterine cervix, endometrium, ovary, vagina, and vulva were included in the analysis. Results There were 508 cervical specimens to study histopathology of the cervix, 1,884 gynaecological specimens to study the endometrial histopathology, 537 ovarian specimens, and 92 vaginal and vulval specimen were sent for their histopathological study during the same period. About 143 genital tract malignancies had been diagnosed. There were 52 cervical malignancies (36.36%) and 52 ovarian malignancies (36.36%). The second commonest (20.28%) was endometrial malignancy. Vaginal malignancy was at fourth place (4.9%). Vulval malignancy was 2.1%. The peak age distribution of malignancies (55.24%) was mainly in the 40-59 years age range. The incidence of cervical and ovarian malignancies peaked at 40-59 years, with 32/52 (61.54 %) and 26/52 (50%) of the diagnosed cases, respectively Conclusion Cervical cancer and ovarian cancer accounted for almost 72.73% of the entire gynaecological malignancies in this study, and both of them have the same peak incidence in the 40-59 age group. This study also showed that 43.36% of total female genital tract tumours are Human Papilloma Virus-associated cancers. They are not only preventable by certain strategies but also identifiable and manageable at the precancerous stage.
背景 生殖道恶性肿瘤对发病率和死亡率有重大影响，在包括斯里兰卡在内的资源匮乏国家尤其如此。此类肿瘤的分布因地区而异。
方法 这是一项在拜蒂克洛教学医院进行的为期五年半的回顾性观察研究，从2012年1月至2017年6月，旨在分析妇科恶性肿瘤的模式。分析纳入了所有经组织学确诊的源自子宫颈、子宫内膜、卵巢、阴道和外阴的妇科癌症。
结果 共有508份子宫颈标本用于子宫颈组织病理学研究，1884份妇科标本用于子宫内膜组织病理学研究，537份卵巢标本，以及92份阴道和外阴标本在同一时期被送去进行组织病理学研究。共诊断出约143例生殖道恶性肿瘤。其中有52例子宫颈恶性肿瘤（36.36%）和52例卵巢恶性肿瘤（36.36%）。第二常见的是子宫内膜恶性肿瘤（20.28%）。阴道恶性肿瘤位居第四（4.9%）。外阴恶性肿瘤为2.1%。恶性肿瘤的发病年龄高峰分布（55.24%）主要在40 - 59岁年龄组。子宫颈和卵巢恶性肿瘤的发病率在40 - 59岁达到峰值，分别有32/52（61.54%）和26/52（50%）的确诊病例。
结论 在本研究中，子宫颈癌和卵巢癌占整个妇科恶性肿瘤的近72.73%，且二者在40 - 59岁年龄组发病率峰值相同。本研究还表明，女性生殖道肿瘤总数的43.36%为人乳头瘤病毒相关癌症。它们不仅可通过某些策略预防，而且在癌前阶段可识别和管理。
