School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Anhui Medical University, University Library, Hefei, China.
Public Health Nurs. 2021 Jul;38(4):542-554. doi: 10.1111/phn.12874. Epub 2021 Mar 2.
This study used available data to analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of various Respiratory tract infections (RTIs), to better our understanding of the local and national epidemiology, and to inform future prevention and control programs.
We used a structured questionnaire to solicit information about social demographics and symptoms of the last RTI administered with stratified clustered randomized sampling. Descriptive analysis was used to investigate the reported symptoms, and multivariate logistic regression models to identify relationships between the prevalence and influencing factors of common RTIs.
The study documented a prevalence rate of 1.5% for common cold, 0.5% for influenza, and 0.9% for 9-AURTIs (nine acute upper RTIs, including acute pharyngitis, sore throat, acute tonsillitis, acute suppurative tonsillitis, acute laryngitis, acute bronchitis, acute pharyngitis, acute upper RTI, and viral upper RTI), adding up to 3.4% of overall RTIs in the past 2 weeks. Results also revealed a L-shaped trend along age-axis for all the RTIs, and marginal to moderate associations between RTIs and other commonly researched factors (education, body mass index, sex, and annual income), as well as environmental and behavior factors.
RTIs in Anhui, China are common and associated with a variety of socio-demographic, behavioral, and environmental factors. RTIs merit better epidemiological understanding and added interventions tailored to efforts in reducing their health and economic burden. These understandings and efforts are especially relevant for public health nurses since most RTI patients are treated in community settings.
本研究利用现有数据分析了各种呼吸道感染（RTIs）的流行情况和影响因素，以更好地了解当地和全国的流行病学情况，并为未来的预防和控制计划提供信息。
我们使用结构化问卷，通过分层聚类随机抽样收集有关社会人口统计学和最近一次呼吸道感染症状的信息。采用描述性分析方法调查报告的症状，并采用多变量逻辑回归模型确定常见 RTIs 的流行率及其影响因素之间的关系。
本研究记录了普通感冒的流行率为 1.5%，流感的流行率为 0.5%，9 种急性上呼吸道感染（包括急性咽炎、咽痛、急性扁桃体炎、急性化脓性扁桃体炎、急性喉炎、急性支气管炎、急性咽炎、急性上呼吸道感染和病毒性上呼吸道感染）的流行率为 0.9%，总的上呼吸道感染率为 2 周内为 3.4%。结果还显示，所有 RTIs 都存在沿年龄轴的 L 形趋势，与其他常见研究因素（教育、体重指数、性别和年收入）以及环境和行为因素之间存在边缘到中度关联。
中国安徽的 RTIs 很常见，与多种社会人口统计学、行为和环境因素有关。RTIs 需要更好的流行病学理解，并需要针对减少其健康和经济负担的干预措施进行调整。这些理解和努力对于公共卫生护士尤为重要，因为大多数 RTI 患者在社区环境中接受治疗。
