Hamoudi Meriem, Amroun Djouher, Boutefnouchet Sabrina, Bensouici Chawki, Kaoula Samira, Harzallah Daoud, Khennouf Seddik, Dahamna Saliha
Laboratory of Phytotherapy Applied to Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University Ferhat Abbas Setif 1, Setif 19000, Algeria.
Laboratory of pharmacognosy UMR CNRS 8038 CiTCOM, Faculty of Health, UFR Pharmacy, 4 Avenue de l\'Observatoire, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France.
Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2022;25(6):1058-1071. doi: 10.2174/1386207324666210303094339.
Due to the strong association between the chemistry of medicinal plants and their biological properties, it is important to determine their phytochemical composition to justify experimental tests.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and the enzyme inhibitory properties and to identify the bioactive compounds present in the extracts of Ephedra nebrodensis growing in Algeria.
Total phenolic and flavonoids content in these extracts were quantified by Folin- Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods. The antioxidant capacity was assessed using DPPH, ABTS, β-carotene/linoleic acid, CUPRAC and FRAP assays, and in vitro cholinesterase activity against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase were evaluated. The chemical constituents of the extracts were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometric detection and gas chromatography. For the acute toxicity study, extracts were administered to mice at single dose of 2 g/kg and 5 g/kg by gavage.
Plant extracts were rich in phenolic compounds. Ethyl acetate extract presented the highest phenolic (238.44 ± 1.50 μg GAE /mg of extract) and flavonoid (21.12 ± 0.00 μg QE /mg of extract) contents. Likewise, ethyl acetate extract showed potent radical scavenging and reducing properties. Ethanol-acetone extract showed inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase, and was a potent inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase. In all extracts, flavonoids were the most abundant compounds. The phytochemical investigation showed the presence of alkaloids (ephedrine and pseudo-ephedrine). In the acute toxicity, the LD was superior to 5 g/kg body weight. There were no alterations in the histology of the liver and kidneys.
This study demonstrated a good antioxidant potential and anticholinesterase activity of aerial parts of E. nebrodensis.
由于药用植物的化学性质与其生物学特性之间存在密切关联，因此确定其植物化学成分对于验证实验测试至关重要。
本研究旨在评估体外抗氧化和酶抑制特性，并鉴定生长在阿尔及利亚的麻黄提取物中存在的生物活性化合物。
采用福林 - 酚试剂法和氯化铝法对这些提取物中的总酚和黄酮含量进行定量。使用DPPH、ABTS、β - 胡萝卜素/亚油酸、CUPRAC和FRAP法评估抗氧化能力，并评估体外对乙酰胆碱酯酶和丁酰胆碱酯酶的胆碱酯酶活性。通过高效液相色谱 - 质谱检测和气相色谱分析提取物的化学成分。对于急性毒性研究，通过灌胃以2 g/kg和5 g/kg的单剂量将提取物给予小鼠。
植物提取物富含酚类化合物。乙酸乙酯提取物的酚含量最高（238.44 ± 1.50 μg GAE /mg提取物），黄酮含量最高（21.12 ± 0.00 μg QE /mg提取物）。同样，乙酸乙酯提取物表现出强大的自由基清除和还原特性。乙醇 - 丙酮提取物对乙酰胆碱酯酶表现出抑制活性，并且是丁酰胆碱酯酶的有效抑制剂。在所有提取物中，黄酮类化合物是含量最丰富的化合物。植物化学研究表明存在生物碱（麻黄碱和伪麻黄碱）。在急性毒性实验中，半数致死量高于5 g/kg体重。肝脏和肾脏的组织学没有改变。
本研究证明了阿尔及利亚麻黄地上部分具有良好的抗氧化潜力和抗胆碱酯酶活性。
