母乳喂养与 7-14 岁儿童超重/肥胖的关联。
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BREASTFEEDING AND OVERWEIGHT/OBESITY IN SCHOOLCHILDREN AGED 7-14 YEARS.
机构信息
Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, SC, Brazil.
Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Realeza, PR, Brazil.
出版信息
Rev Paul Pediatr. 2021 Feb 24;39:e2020076. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/2021/39/2020076. eCollection 2021.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the prevalence of breastfeeding (BF) and the association between occurrence/duration of BF and overweight/obesity in schoolchildren aged 7-14 years.
METHODS
This is a cross-sectional study, conducted in 2012-2013, on schoolchildren aged 7-14 years from Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil. Weight and height were measured according to procedures of the World Health Organization. Breastfeeding and sociodemographic data were obtained from a questionnaire responded by parents/guardians. BF was categorized as a dichotomous variable (yes/no) and according to duration (months). Nutritional status was evaluated according to the Z score of the body mass index per age for sex and it was categorized into two groups: normal weight (<Z score+1) and overweight/obesity (≥Z score+1). The adjusted analysis was performed by logistic regression in two age strata (age groups of 7-10 and 11-14 years).
RESULTS
6.6% of schoolchildren had never breastfed; 16.8% had been breastfed for ≤3 months; 16.7%, for 4-6 months; and 59.9%, for ≥7 months. No statistically significant differences were found in the occurrence and duration of BF between the age groups. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 34.2%. For age groups (7-10 and 11-14 years), the prevalence of overweight/obesity was 36.7% and 29.8%, respectively. Chance of overweight/obesity for the age group of 7-10 years was lower among schoolchildren who were breastfed (OR=0.54; 95%CI 0.33-0.88), when compared with those who never breastfed. When categorized, the chance of overweight/obesity in the age group of 7-10 years was lower for duration of BF ≤3 months (OR=0.41; 95%CI 0.20-0.83), and 4-6 months (OR=0.48; 95%CI 0.28-0.82) when compared with children who never breastfed.
CONCLUSIONS
BF for at least six months was associated with a lower chance of overweight/obesity for schoolchildren aged 7-10 years. No association was found for schoolchildren aged 11-14 years.
目的
评估 7-14 岁学童母乳喂养（BF）的流行情况，以及 BF 的发生/持续时间与超重/肥胖之间的关系。
方法
这是一项 2012-2013 年在巴西南里奥格兰德州弗洛里亚诺波利斯市进行的 7-14 岁学童的横断面研究。体重和身高按照世界卫生组织的程序进行测量。母乳喂养和社会人口学数据由父母/监护人回答的问卷获得。母乳喂养分为二分类变量（是/否）和持续时间（月）。营养状况根据性别年龄的体重指数 Z 评分进行评估，并分为两组：正常体重（<Z 评分+1）和超重/肥胖（≥Z 评分+1）。在两个年龄组（7-10 岁和 11-14 岁）中，通过逻辑回归进行调整分析。
结果
6.6%的学童从未母乳喂养过；16.8%的学童母乳喂养时间≤3 个月；16.7%的学童母乳喂养时间为 4-6 个月；59.9%的学童母乳喂养时间≥7 个月。在两个年龄组中，BF 的发生和持续时间没有统计学差异。超重/肥胖的患病率为 34.2%。对于 7-10 岁和 11-14 岁年龄组，超重/肥胖的患病率分别为 36.7%和 29.8%。与从未母乳喂养的儿童相比，7-10 岁年龄组母乳喂养的儿童超重/肥胖的几率较低（OR=0.54；95%CI 0.33-0.88）。当分类时，与从未母乳喂养的儿童相比，7-10 岁年龄组 BF 持续时间≤3 个月（OR=0.41；95%CI 0.20-0.83）和 4-6 个月（OR=0.48；95%CI 0.28-0.82）的儿童超重/肥胖的几率较低。
结论
至少 6 个月的母乳喂养与 7-10 岁儿童超重/肥胖的几率较低有关。对于 11-14 岁的儿童没有发现这种关联。
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