Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Department of Psychology, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany.
J Pers Assess. 2021 Nov-Dec;103(6):818-832. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2021.1882473. Epub 2021 Mar 3.
Are there individual differences in the tendency to enjoy tasks regardless of the tasks' contents or situational determinants? To answer this question, we constructed and validated the six-item Trait Task Enjoyment Scale (TTES). In Study 1, it had an internally consistent one-factor structure (pooled = 997); good test-retest reliabilities over 1 and 4 months; measurement invariance regarding gender (strong) and time (partial strong); and was not redundant with respect to a large number of theoretically related constructs. In Studies 2 and 3, the TTES predicted self-reported momentary task enjoyment, one of its opposites, boredom, and voluntary persistence in a free-choice paradigm. It did so for various tasks, including thirty diverse tasks presented in vignettes and a memory task in the lab. Results suggest that the TTES may predict momentary task enjoyment regardless of objective task aversiveness or, in this case, equally well for tasks with boring or enjoyable contents. The TTES addresses an important gap in current research on task enjoyment and is an adequately valid and reliable research tool.
个体在享受任务方面是否存在差异，而不受任务内容或情境决定因素的影响？为了回答这个问题，我们构建并验证了六项目特质任务享受量表（TTES）。在研究 1 中，它具有一致的单因素结构（综合样本量=997）；1 个月和 4 个月后的重测信度良好；性别（强）和时间（部分强）的测量不变性；与大量理论相关的结构不具有冗余性。在研究 2 和 3 中，TTES 预测了自我报告的即时任务享受、其对立面之一的无聊感，以及在自由选择范式中的自愿坚持。它适用于各种任务，包括三十种不同的情景任务和实验室中的记忆任务。结果表明，无论任务的客观厌恶程度如何，TTES 都可以预测即时任务享受，或者在这种情况下，对内容无聊或有趣的任务同样适用。TTES 填补了当前任务享受研究中的一个重要空白，是一种足够有效和可靠的研究工具。
