Holley H L, Arboleda-Florez J
Forensic Division, Calgary General Hospital, Alberta.
Can J Psychiatry. 1988 Mar;33(2):81-6. doi: 10.1177/070674378803300202.
This paper reports the findings from Phase I of an ongoing prospective, longitudinal study of mentally ill offenders. The study documents the nature, extent and location of mentally ill offenders in the criminal justice system in Southern Alberta, evaluates mechanisms which are used to identify mentally ill offenders in need of treatment, identifies existing psychiatric services available within the criminal justice system and documents their psychiatric service utilization patterns. A study cohort of 611 was identified at their time of arrest and followed through the justice process from initial detention until final release. Part I on this study focuses on the period of arrest. More specifically, police perceptions of disturbed behaviour are examined. The prevalence of police-identified offenders is reported and police judgments regarding possible causes of disturbed behaviour (that is, mental illness, drugs, alcohol) and recommendations for psychiatric treatment are examined. Discrepancies between official recommendations made by police to a bail magistrate (and recorded on the arrest report) and unofficial recommendations collected as part of the study are explained in terms of differing decision-making models; clinical versus legal. Finally, the importance of police perceptions concerning the presence of mental illness as opposed to substance abuse are identified as important factors which influence the decision to recommend psychiatric examinations.
本文报告了一项正在进行的针对精神病罪犯的前瞻性纵向研究第一阶段的研究结果。该研究记录了艾伯塔省南部刑事司法系统中精神病罪犯的性质、范围和所在位置，评估了用于识别需要治疗的精神病罪犯的机制，确定了刑事司法系统内现有的精神病服务，并记录了他们的精神病服务利用模式。在611名研究对象被捕时对其进行了确定，并跟踪他们从最初被拘留到最终获释的整个司法程序。本研究的第一部分聚焦于逮捕阶段。更具体地说，考察了警方对异常行为的认知。报告了警方认定的罪犯的患病率，并考察了警方对异常行为可能原因（即精神疾病、毒品、酒精）的判断以及对精神病治疗的建议。从不同的决策模式（临床模式与法律模式）角度解释了警方给保释治安法官的官方建议（记录在逮捕报告中）与作为研究一部分收集的非官方建议之间的差异。最后，警方对精神疾病存在与否的认知相对于药物滥用的重要性被确定为影响推荐进行精神病检查决策的重要因素。
