J Vet Med Educ. 2021 Aug;48(4):427-440. doi: 10.3138/jvme-2020-0019. Epub 2021 Mar 3.
One Health recognizes the interconnection of people, animals, and the environment and encourages a multidisciplinary approach. Several high-level European and global policy recommendations call for close intersectoral collaboration to better understand and manage health challenges faced today. Academic education has a fundamental role in preparing all health professionals in that respect. Our research investigates whether, and how, European Veterinary Education Establishments (VEEs) implement interdisciplinarity. We collected data on undergraduate education, post-graduate programs, and academic research through a pan-European survey. Our aim was to identify policy actions that could encourage cross-sectoral education and a culture of One Health at universities. Input from 41 VEEs showed that interdisciplinary education for undergraduates is still in the early stages. The models of academic structure, undergraduate curricula, and education policies established so far hinder interdisciplinarity. One Health interdisciplinary post-graduate education is easier, at least in some countries, while research successfully integrates multidisciplinary interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary approaches . To conclude, we propose five recommendations to promote interdisciplinary education in veterinary and other curricula and to further encourage the intersectoral cooperation in research: (1) the need for the development of One Health transdisciplinary competencies across different discipline curricula in the European Union (EU); (2) the need for an integrated strategy of university structures and policies (for undergraduates and post-graduates) to encourage and support interdisciplinarity; (3) the need for a harmonized approach to academic education via accreditation; (4) the need for appropriate legislation to facilitate interdisciplinary training; and (5) the need to encourage One Health research.
One Health 认识到人类、动物和环境的相互联系，并鼓励采取多学科方法。一些欧洲和全球的高级别政策建议呼吁密切的跨部门合作，以更好地理解和应对当今面临的健康挑战。学术教育在这方面对培养所有卫生专业人员起着基础性作用。我们的研究调查了欧洲兽医教育机构（VEE）是否以及如何实施跨学科性。我们通过泛欧调查收集了本科教育、研究生课程和学术研究的数据。我们的目的是确定可以鼓励大学跨部门教育和实施 One Health 文化的政策行动。来自 41 个 VEE 的投入表明，本科生的跨学科教育仍处于起步阶段。迄今为止建立的学术结构、本科课程和教育政策模式阻碍了跨学科性。One Health 跨学科研究生教育至少在一些国家更容易，而研究成功地整合了多学科、跨学科和跨学科方法。总之，我们提出了五项建议，以促进兽医和其他课程的跨学科教育，并进一步鼓励在研究中开展跨部门合作：（1）需要在欧盟不同学科课程中发展跨学科的 One Health 能力；（2）需要制定大学结构和政策（本科生和研究生）的综合战略，以鼓励和支持跨学科性；（3）需要通过认证来协调学术教育方法；（4）需要适当的立法来促进跨学科培训；以及（5）需要鼓励开展 One Health 研究。
