173772The Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2022 Oct;23(4):1344-1357. doi: 10.1177/1524838021998319. Epub 2021 Mar 4.
Childhood maltreatment (CM) has long been recognized as a risk factor for good intimate relationships. Research on the effects of CM on relationship functioning has focused on sexual abuse in girls. However, CM also includes emotional and physical abuse and neglect and is also common in boys. Moreover, prior research has mostly focused on individuals in isolation, ignoring that marriage is a system in which two partners mutually influence each other. Questions also remain about mediating and protective factors for healthy relationships in the context of CM. This article reviews the literature on the link between different forms of CM and one's own and one's partner relationship quality. It reviews 43 empirical studies that assessed associations between CM in any form and relationship quality. Also, mediating and protective factors and major methodological topics are examined. The review indicated that CM (neglect, sexual, emotional, or physical abuse) is associated with lower relationship quality in men and women. Psychological distress, cognitive and behavioral problems, insecure attachment, and self-dysregulation were identified as mediating factors. Protective processes involve good coping strategies, emotion regulation, parental support, and early secure attachment, but not partner characteristics. The results regarding gender are inconclusive. It is crucial to broaden the research on the dyadic effects of CM of various forms on relationship quality and study mediating and protective factors. More studies on neglect and diverse populations are needed, as well as prospective studies. This will enable the development of prevention programs for couples with a partner exposed to CM.
儿童虐待（CM）长期以来一直被认为是良好亲密关系的风险因素。关于 CM 对关系功能影响的研究主要集中在女孩的性虐待上。然而，CM 还包括情感和身体虐待以及忽视，在男孩中也很常见。此外，先前的研究大多关注孤立的个体，忽略了婚姻是一个两个伴侣相互影响的系统。在 CM 的背景下，关于健康关系的中介和保护因素的问题仍然存在。本文综述了不同形式的 CM 与个体自身和伴侣关系质量之间联系的文献。它回顾了 43 项评估 CM 以任何形式与关系质量之间关联的实证研究。还审查了中介和保护因素以及主要的方法学主题。审查表明，CM（忽视、性、情感或身体虐待）与男性和女性的关系质量较低有关。心理困扰、认知和行为问题、不安全的依恋和自我调节被确定为中介因素。保护过程包括良好的应对策略、情绪调节、父母支持和早期的安全依恋，但不包括伴侣特征。关于性别的结果尚无定论。扩大对各种形式的 CM 的二元效应的研究以及研究中介和保护因素至关重要。需要更多关于忽视和不同人群的研究，以及前瞻性研究。这将有助于为遭受 CM 影响的伴侣开发预防计划。
