Hill C N, Reed W, Schmitt D, Arent S M, Sands L P, Queen R M
Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, 495 Old Turner Street Blacksburg, VA, 24060, 300 Norris Hall, USA.
Department of Sociology, Virginia Tech, 225 Stanger Street, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, 562C McBryde Hall, USA.
Gait Posture. 2022 Jun;95:277-283. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.02.024. Epub 2021 Feb 24.
Racial differences in gait mechanics have been recently reported, but we don't know what factors may drive differences in gait and whether these factors are innate or modifiable. The answers to those questions will inform both basic research and clinical interventions and outcomes.
Do anthropometric, strength, and health status measures explain racial differences in gait between African Americans (AA) and white Americans (WA)?
Venous blood samples, anthropometric measures, lower extremity strength, and an assessment of health status were collected from 92 participants (18-30 years old) as part of an Institutional Review Board-approved study. 3D motion capture and force plate data were recorded during 7 walking trials at set regular (1.35 m/s) and fast (1.6 m/s) speeds. Racial differences in gait were identified at both speeds. Correlations between anthropometric, strength, and health status independent variables and outcome measures were computed after stratifying data by sex. Stepwise linear regression models evaluated whether the inclusion of anthropometric, strength, and health status independent variables explained racial effects.
In males, no racial differences in gait were explained by independent variables. Q-angle and ankle dorsiflexion strength accounted for racial differences in self-selected walking speed in females. Racial differences in ankle plantarflexion angle were explained by ankle plantarflexion strength differences.
Factors that explain racial differences in gait in females were both innate and modifiable. These data make clear that it is important to include racially diverse normative gait databases in research studies. These results also identify potential intervention targets aimed at reducing racial health disparities.
最近有报道称步态力学存在种族差异，但我们不知道哪些因素可能导致步态差异，以及这些因素是先天的还是可改变的。这些问题的答案将为基础研究以及临床干预和结果提供信息。
人体测量学、力量和健康状况指标能否解释非裔美国人（AA）和美国白人（WA）之间的步态种族差异？
作为机构审查委员会批准的一项研究的一部分，从92名参与者（18至30岁）中采集了静脉血样本、人体测量数据、下肢力量以及健康状况评估。在7次以固定的常规速度（1.35米/秒）和快速速度（1.6米/秒）行走的试验中记录了三维运动捕捉和测力板数据。在两种速度下均识别出步态的种族差异。在按性别对数据进行分层后，计算了人体测量学、力量和健康状况自变量与结果指标之间的相关性。逐步线性回归模型评估了纳入人体测量学、力量和健康状况自变量是否能解释种族效应。
在男性中，自变量未能解释步态的种族差异。Q角和踝关节背屈力量解释了女性自我选择步行速度的种族差异。踝关节跖屈角度的种族差异由踝关节跖屈力量差异解释。
解释女性步态种族差异的因素既有先天的也有可改变的。这些数据清楚地表明，在研究中纳入种族多样化的标准步态数据库很重要。这些结果还确定了旨在减少种族健康差距的潜在干预目标。
