Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan.
J Smooth Muscle Res. 2021;57(0):1-7. doi: 10.1540/jsmr.57.1.
This review highlights molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory and protective effects of the nuclear transcription factor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in vascular tissue. PPARγ is an ubiquitously expressed nuclear factor, and well-studied in adipose tissue and inflammatory cells. Additionally, beneficial effects of vascular PPARγ's on atherosclerosis and vascular remodeling/dysfunction have been reported although the detailed mechanism remains to be completely elucidated. Clinical and basic studies have shown that the synthetic PPARγ ligands, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), have protective effects against cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. Recent studies utilizing genetic tools suggested that those protective effects of TZDs on cardiovascular diseases are not due to a consequence of improvement of insulin resistance, but may be due to a direct effect on PPARγ's in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. In this review, we discuss proposed mechanisms by which the vascular PPARγ regulates vascular inflammation and remodeling/dysfunction especially in smooth muscle cells.
这篇综述强调了核转录因子过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 γ（PPARγ）在血管组织中抗炎和保护作用的分子机制。PPARγ 是一种广泛表达的核因子，在脂肪组织和炎症细胞中研究得较多。此外，尽管详细的机制仍有待完全阐明，但已有研究报道血管 PPARγ 对动脉粥样硬化和血管重塑/功能障碍有有益作用。临床和基础研究表明，合成的 PPARγ 配体噻唑烷二酮（TZDs）对动脉粥样硬化等心血管疾病具有保护作用。最近利用遗传工具的研究表明，TZDs 对心血管疾病的这些保护作用不是由于改善胰岛素抵抗的结果，而是可能由于对血管内皮和平滑肌细胞中 PPARγ 的直接作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了血管 PPARγ 调节血管炎症和重塑/功能障碍的机制，特别是在平滑肌细胞中。
