Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Eur Radiol. 2021 Sep;31(9):6768-6779. doi: 10.1007/s00330-021-07802-3. Epub 2021 Mar 3.
To describe the occurrence of imaging-depicted sports-related injuries (bone, muscle, tendon, and ligament injuries) during the Rio 2016 Summer Paralympic Games.
Descriptive data on all imaging examinations by using radiography, ultrasonography (US), and MRI were collected and retrospectively analyzed centrally by five musculoskeletal radiologists according to imaging modality, country of origin of the athletes, type of sport, type of disability, and type and location of injury.
We report 109 injuries in 4378 athletes. A total of 382 radiologic examinations were performed in 261 athletes, including 118 (31%) radiographic, 22 (6%) US, and 242 (63%) MRI examinations. Para athletes from Africa had the highest utilization rate (20.1%, 67 out of 333). Athletes from Europe underwent the most examinations with 29 radiographic, 12 US, and 66 MRI examinations. The highest utilization rate of imaging modalities by sport was among Judo para athletes (16.7%, 22 out of 132). Most injuries were reported in athletics discipline (37.6%, 41 out of 109). Most injuries were also reported among para athletes with visual impairment (40 injuries, 36.7% of all injuries). Bone stress injuries were most common among para athletes with visual impairment (6 out of 7). Para athletes with visual impairment were also more prone to bone stress injuries than traumatic fractures, unlike para athletes with neurologic and musculoskeletal impairments.
Imaging was used in 6.0% of para athletes. MRI comprised 63% of imaging utilization. Identification of patterns of injuries may help building future prevention programs in elite para athletes.
• The highest imaging utilization rates were found among para athletes competing in Judo, sitting volleyball, powerlifting, and football. • Utilization of diagnostic imaging at the Rio 2016 Paralympic Games demonstrated similar trends to what was observed at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games. • Comparison of the rate of imaging-depicted injuries between Olympic and Paralympic athletes is limited due to inherent differences between the two athlete populations and the manner in which injury risk in the Paralympic athlete varies dependent on impairment type, which is not the case for the Olympic athlete.
描述 2016 年里约夏季残奥会期间影像学显示的与运动相关的损伤（骨骼、肌肉、肌腱和韧带损伤）的发生情况。
对所有影像学检查（包括 X 线摄影、超声检查和 MRI）的数据进行描述性收集，并由 5 名肌肉骨骼放射科医生根据成像方式、运动员原籍国、运动类型、残疾类型以及损伤类型和部位进行集中回顾性分析。
我们报告了 4378 名运动员中的 109 例损伤。共有 261 名运动员进行了 382 次放射学检查，包括 118 次（31%）X 线摄影、22 次（6%）超声检查和 242 次（63%）MRI 检查。来自非洲的残奥运动员使用率最高（20.1%，333 名中的 67 名）。来自欧洲的运动员接受的检查最多，包括 29 次 X 线摄影、12 次超声检查和 66 次 MRI 检查。运动项目中影像学使用率最高的是残奥柔道运动员（16.7%，132 名中的 22 名）。在所有损伤中，田径运动的损伤报告最多（37.6%，109 例中的 41 例）。视力障碍的残奥运动员的损伤也最多（40 例，所有损伤的 36.7%）。视力障碍的残奥运动员中，骨应力性损伤最为常见（7 例中有 6 例）。与神经肌肉障碍的残奥运动员不同，视力障碍的残奥运动员更容易发生骨应力性损伤，而不是创伤性骨折。
6.0%的残奥运动员接受了影像学检查。MRI 占影像学应用的 63%。识别损伤模式可能有助于为精英残奥运动员制定未来的预防计划。
参加柔道、坐式排球、举重和足球比赛的残奥运动员的影像学使用率最高。
里约 2016 年残奥会的诊断影像学使用情况与在里约 2016 年奥运会上观察到的情况相似。
由于奥林匹克运动员和残奥运动员之间存在内在差异，以及残奥运动员的受伤风险因损伤类型而异，因此无法将奥运运动员和残奥运动员的影像学显示损伤率进行比较。
