Failure in prophylactic management of thromboembolic disease in colorectal surgery.

The operative courses of 294 elective consecutive colorectal resections were reviewed in order to evaluate the morbidity and mortality of postoperative thromboembolic complications. All patients received low-dose heparin prophylaxis. Fifty-seven patients were screened for deep venous thrombosis with the fibrinogen uptake test, and treatment of thromboembolism was started if the diagnosis was established by venography and/or pulmonary scintigraphy. Neither the morbidity nor mortality from clinical thromboembolic complications was lowered in the group of patients who were screened. Rectal surgery seems to carry a higher risk of postoperative thromboembolic complications than colon surgery, and thromboembolic complications are responsible for about half of the postoperative deaths following elective colorectal surgery.