Hao Yanfen, Zheng Shucheng, Wang Pu, Sun Huizhong, Matsiko Julius, Li Wenjuan, Li Yingming, Zhang Qinghua, Jiang Guibin
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
Environ Sci Process Impacts. 2021 Mar 1;23(3):400-416. doi: 10.1039/d0em00451k. Epub 2021 Mar 4.
Considering the explosive growth of the list of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), the scientific community is combatting increasing challenges to protect humans and wildlife from the potentially negative consequences of POPs. Herein, we characterize the main aspects and progress in the ecotoxicology of POPs in avian species since 2000. The majority of previous efforts has revealed the global occurrence of high levels of various POPs in birds. Laboratory research and epidemiological studies imply that POPs exert a broad-spectrum of side-effects on birds by interfering with their endocrine, immune and neural system, reproduction, and development, and growth. However, inconsistent results suggest that the potential effects of POP exposure on the physiological parameters in birds are multifactorial, involving a multitude of biological processes, species-specific differences, gender, age and types of compounds. Great progress has been achieved in identifying the species-specific sensitivity to dioxin-like compounds, which is attributed to different amino acid residues in the ligand-binding domain of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Besides the conventional concentration additivity, several studies have suggested that different classes of POPs possibly act synergistically or antagonistically based on their concentration. However, ecotoxicology information is still recorded in a scattered and inadequate manner, including lack of enough avian species, limited number of POPs investigated, and insufficient geographical representation, and thus our understanding of the effects of POPs on birds remains rudimentary, although mechanistic understanding of their mode of action is progressing. Particularly, research on what happens to wild bird populations and their ecosystems under POP stress is still unavailable. Thus, our aim is to predict and trace the effects POPs at different biological organization levels, especially from the molecular, cellular and individual levels to the population, community and ecosystem levels because of the limited and scattered information, as mentioned above.
鉴于持久性有机污染物（POPs）清单的爆炸式增长，科学界在保护人类和野生动物免受POPs潜在负面影响方面面临着越来越大的挑战。在此，我们描述了自2000年以来鸟类中POPs生态毒理学的主要方面和进展。此前的大多数研究都揭示了鸟类体内各种高水平POPs在全球范围内的存在。实验室研究和流行病学研究表明，POPs通过干扰鸟类的内分泌、免疫和神经系统、繁殖、发育及生长，对其产生广泛的副作用。然而，结果不一致表明，POPs暴露对鸟类生理参数的潜在影响是多因素的，涉及众多生物过程、物种特异性差异、性别、年龄和化合物类型。在确定对二恶英类化合物的物种特异性敏感性方面已经取得了很大进展，这归因于芳烃受体配体结合域中不同的氨基酸残基。除了传统的浓度加和作用外，一些研究表明，不同类别的POPs可能根据其浓度产生协同或拮抗作用。然而，生态毒理学信息仍然以分散和不充分的方式记录，包括缺乏足够的鸟类物种、所研究的POPs数量有限以及地理代表性不足，因此，尽管对其作用机制的理解在不断进步，但我们对POPs对鸟类影响的认识仍然很初步。特别是，关于野生鸟类种群及其生态系统在POPs压力下会发生什么的研究仍然缺乏。因此，由于上述信息有限且分散，我们的目标是预测和追踪POPs在不同生物组织水平上的影响，特别是从分子、细胞和个体水平到种群、群落和生态系统水平。
