Kompała-Bąba Agnieszka, Bierza Wojciech, Sierka Edyta, Błońska Agnieszka, Besenyei Lynn, Woźniak Gabriela
Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland.
School of Sciences, Faculty of Science & Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, UK.
Sci Rep. 2021 Mar 4;11(1):5155. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-84673-0.
Knowledge about biotic (plant species diversity, biomass) and/or abiotic (physicochemical substrate parameters) factors that determine enzyme activity and functional diversity of the substrate on hard coal spoil heaps is limited. Spontaneously developed vegetation patches dominated by herbaceous species commonly occurring on these spoil heaps: grasses (Poa compressa, Calamagrostis epigejos) and forbs (Daucus carota, Tussilago farfara), were examined. The activity of dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase was twice as high in plots dominated by grass species compared with those dominated by forbs. Significant positive correlations were found between the activity of dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase with pH, available P, soil moisture, and water holding capacity and negative correlations between the activity of urease and soil organic carbon. Strong positive correlations were found between values for Shannon-Wiener diversity index, evenness, species richness and soil functional diversity in plots dominated by grasses. We found that the soil physicochemical parameters had a greater impact on enzyme activity of the substrate than plant biomass and species diversity. However, grasses, through their extensive root system, more effectively increased enzyme activity and health of the substrate than other herbaceous species, and as they stabilize the substrate and form dense plant cover, they can be recommended for reclamation purposes.
关于决定硬煤矸石堆底物酶活性和功能多样性的生物因素（植物物种多样性、生物量）和/或非生物因素（物理化学底物参数）的知识有限。对这些矸石堆上自然形成的、以常见草本物种为主的植被斑块进行了研究：禾本科植物（扁穗冰草、拂子茅）和非禾本科草本植物（胡萝卜、款冬）。与以非禾本科草本植物为主的样地相比，以禾本科植物为主的样地中脱氢酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性高出两倍。脱氢酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性与pH值、有效磷、土壤湿度和持水能力之间存在显著正相关，脲酶活性与土壤有机碳之间存在负相关。在以禾本科植物为主的样地中，香农-威纳多样性指数、均匀度、物种丰富度和土壤功能多样性之间存在强烈正相关。我们发现，土壤物理化学参数对底物酶活性的影响大于植物生物量和物种多样性。然而，禾本科植物通过其广泛的根系，比其他草本物种更有效地提高了底物的酶活性和健康状况，并且由于它们能稳定底物并形成密集的植物覆盖，因此可推荐用于复垦目的。
