Schulze Ryan J, Ding Wen-Xing
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
Liver Res. 2019 Dec;3(3-4):185-190. doi: 10.1016/j.livres.2019.09.002. Epub 2019 Sep 6.
The rising incidence of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) demands making urgent progress in understanding the fundamental molecular basis of alcohol-related hepatocellular damage. One of the key early events accompanying chronic alcohol usage is the accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs) in the hepatocellular cytoplasm. LDs are far from inert sites of neutral lipid storage; rather, they represent key organelles that play vital roles in the metabolic state of the cell. In this review, we will examine the biology of these structures and outline recent efforts being made to understand the effects of alcohol exposure on the biogenesis, catabolism, and motility of LDs and how their dynamic nature is perturbed in the context of ALD.
酒精性肝病（ALD）发病率的不断上升，要求在理解酒精相关肝细胞损伤的基本分子基础方面取得迫切进展。长期饮酒伴随的关键早期事件之一是肝细胞质中脂滴（LDs）的积累。脂滴远非中性脂质储存的惰性场所；相反，它们代表了在细胞代谢状态中起重要作用的关键细胞器。在这篇综述中，我们将研究这些结构的生物学特性，并概述最近为了解酒精暴露对脂滴的生物发生、分解代谢和运动性的影响以及它们的动态性质在酒精性肝病背景下如何受到干扰所做的努力。
