Habib M P, Dunn A M, Sobonya R E, Baumgartener C C, Newell J D, Halonen M
Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1988 Mar;64(3):1009-16. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1988.64.3.1009.
Factors causing changes in pulmonary resistance and dynamic compliance with immunoglobulin (Ig) E anaphylaxis in spontaneously breathing rabbits were assessed in ventilated rabbits using tantalum bronchography and wet-to-dry wt ratios. Ventilated rabbits demonstrated changes in resistance and compliance similar to spontaneously breathing rabbits. Chlorpheniramine pretreatment prevented increases in resistance but not decreases in compliance. Anaphylaxis constricted small (less than 1 mm) airways 20.9 +/- 16.0% (mean +/- SD) and intermediate (between 1 and 3 mm) airways 21.8 +/- 19.8%. Chlorpheniramine (10 mg/kg) prevented small airway changes and attenuated those in intermediate airways. Chlorpheniramine prevented histamine-induced constriction of small (23.6 +/- 15.7%) and intermediate (17.6 +/- 15.0%) airways. Lung wet-to-dry wt ratios were unchanged. Changes in resistance and compliance during rabbit IgE anaphylaxis are not due to changes in tidal volume or frequency. Histamine, via H1 receptors, is the principal mediator of pulmonary resistance increases but not dynamic compliance reductions. Chlorpheniramine-sensitive increases in resistance are caused by constrictions of intermediate and small airways, whereas the chlorpheniramine-resistant decrease in compliance is not caused directly by constriction of the smallest measurable airways (0.25 mm) or changes in lung water.
在通气兔中，使用钽支气管造影术和湿重与干重比评估了引起自发呼吸兔肺阻力和动态顺应性随免疫球蛋白（Ig）E过敏反应变化的因素。通气兔表现出与自发呼吸兔相似的阻力和顺应性变化。氯苯那敏预处理可防止阻力增加，但不能防止顺应性降低。过敏反应使小气道（小于1毫米）收缩20.9±16.0%（平均值±标准差），中等气道（1至3毫米之间）收缩21.8±19.8%。氯苯那敏（10毫克/千克）可防止小气道变化，并减轻中等气道的变化。氯苯那敏可防止组胺引起的小气道（23.6±15.7%）和中等气道（17.6±15.0%）收缩。肺湿重与干重比未改变。兔IgE过敏反应期间阻力和顺应性的变化并非由于潮气量或频率的改变。组胺通过H1受体，是肺阻力增加的主要介质，但不是动态顺应性降低的主要介质。氯苯那敏敏感的阻力增加是由中等和小气道收缩引起的，而氯苯那敏抵抗的顺应性降低不是由最小可测量气道（0.25毫米）的收缩或肺水的变化直接引起的。
