Proks Pavel, Johansen Trude Maria, Nývltová Ivana, Komenda Dominik, Černochová Hana, Vignoli Massimo
Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Feb 24;11(3):589. doi: 10.3390/ani11030589.
The objectives of this retrospective study of 240 guinea pigs (148 females and 92 males) were to determine the prevalence of different vertebral formulae and the type and anatomical localization of congenital vertebral anomalies (CVA). Radiographs of the cervical (C), thoracic (Th), lumbar (L), sacral (S), and caudal (Cd) part of the vertebral column were reviewed. Morphology and number of vertebrae in each segment of the vertebral column and type and localization of CVA were recorded. In 210/240 guinea pigs (87.50%) with normal vertebral morphology, nine vertebral formulae were found with constant number of C but variable number of Th, L, and S vertebrae: C7/Th13/L6/S4/Cd5-7 (75%), C7/Th13/L6/S3/Cd6-7 (4.17%), C7/Th13/L5/S4/Cd6-7 (2.50%), C7/Th13/L6/S5/Cd5-6 (1.67%), C7/Th12/L6/S4/Cd6 (1.25%), C7/Th13/L7/S4/Cd6 (1.25%), C7/Th13/L7/S3/Cd6-7 (0.83%), C7/Th12/L7/S4/Cd5 (0.42%), C7/Th13/L5/S5/Cd7 (0.42%). CVA were found in 30/240 (12.5%) of guinea pigs, mostly as a transitional vertebra (28/30), which represents 100% of single CVA localised in cervicothoracic (n = 1), thoracolumbar (n = 22) and lumbosacral segments (n = 5). Five morphological variants of thoracolumbar transitional vertebrae (TTV) were identified. Two (2/30) guinea pigs had a combination of CVA: cervical block vertebra and TTV (n = 1) and TTV and lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LTV) (n = 1). These findings suggest that guinea pigs' vertebral column displays more morphological variants with occasional CVA predominantly transitional vertebrae.
本回顾性研究纳入了240只豚鼠（148只雌性和92只雄性），目的是确定不同椎体公式的患病率以及先天性椎体异常（CVA）的类型和解剖定位。回顾了脊柱颈段（C）、胸段（Th）、腰段（L）、骶段（S）和尾段（Cd）的X线片。记录了脊柱各节段椎体的形态和数量以及CVA的类型和定位。在210/240只（87.50%）椎体形态正常的豚鼠中，发现了9种椎体公式，C的数量恒定，但Th、L和S椎体的数量可变：C7/Th13/L6/S4/Cd5 - 7（75%）、C7/Th13/L6/S3/Cd6 - 7（4.17%）、C7/Th13/L5/S4/Cd6 - 7（2.50%）、C7/Th13/L6/S5/Cd5 - 6（1.67%）、C7/Th12/L6/S4/Cd6（1.25%）、C7/Th13/L7/S4/Cd6（1.25%）、C7/Th13/L7/S3/Cd6 - 7（0.83%）、C7/Th12/L7/S4/Cd5（0.42%）、C7/Th13/L5/S5/Cd7（0.42%）。在30/240只（12.5%）豚鼠中发现了CVA，主要为过渡椎（28/30），占颈胸段（n = 1）、胸腰段（n = 22）和腰骶段（n = 5）单个CVA的100%。确定了胸腰段过渡椎（TTV）的5种形态变异。2只（2/30）豚鼠存在CVA组合：颈椎融合椎和TTV（n = 1）以及TTV和腰骶段过渡椎（LTV）（n = 1）。这些发现表明豚鼠的脊柱表现出更多的形态变异，偶尔出现CVA，主要是过渡椎。
