Irtiseva Kristine, Lapkovskis Vjaceslavs, Mironovs Viktors, Ozolins Jurijs, Thakur Vijay Kumar, Goel Gaurav, Baronins Janis, Shishkin Andrei
Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka 3, Riga LV-1007, Latvia.
Scientific Laboratory of Powder Materials & Institute of Aeronautics, 6B Kipsalas Str., Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Riga Technical University, Riga LV-1048, Latvia.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Feb 14;13(4):574. doi: 10.3390/polym13040574.
The utilisation of industrial residual products to develop new value-added materials and reduce their environmental footprint is one of the critical challenges of science and industry. Development of new multifunctional and bio-based composite materials is an excellent opportunity for the effective utilisation of residual industrial products and a right step in the Green Deal's direction as approved by the European Commission. Keeping the various issues in mind, we describe the manufacturing and characterisation of the three-component bio-based composites in this work. The key components are a bio-based binder made of peat, devulcanised crumb rubber (DCR) from used tyres, and part of the fly ash, i.e., the cenosphere (CS). The three-phase composites were prepared in the form of a block to investigate their mechanical properties and density, and in the form of granules for the determination of the sorption of water and oil products. We also investigated the properties' dependence on the DCR and CS fraction. It was found that the maximum compression strength (in block form) observed for the composition without CS and DCR addition was 79.3 MPa, while the second-highest value of compression strength was 11.2 MPa for the composition with 27.3 wt.% of CS. For compositions with a bio-binder content from 17.4 to 55.8 wt.%, and with DCR contents ranging from 11.0 to 62.0 wt.%, the compressive strength was in the range from 1.1 to 2.0 MPa. Liquid-sorption analysis (water and diesel) showed that the maximum saturation of liquids, in both cases, was set after 35 min and ranged from 1.05 to 1.4 g·g for water, and 0.77 to 1.25 g·g for diesel. It was observed that 90% of the maximum saturation with diesel fuel came after 10 min and for water after 35 min.
利用工业残余产品开发新的增值材料并减少其环境足迹，是科学和工业面临的关键挑战之一。开发新型多功能生物基复合材料，是有效利用工业残余产品的绝佳契机，也是朝着欧盟委员会批准的绿色协议方向迈出的正确一步。考虑到各种问题，我们在这项工作中描述了三组分生物基复合材料的制造和表征。关键组分包括由泥炭制成的生物基粘合剂、废旧轮胎的脱硫胶粉（DCR）以及部分粉煤灰，即漂珠（CS）。制备了块状的三相复合材料以研究其机械性能和密度，制备了颗粒状的复合材料以测定对水和油品的吸附性能。我们还研究了性能对DCR和CS含量的依赖性。结果发现，未添加CS和DCR的组合物（块状）的最大抗压强度为79.3MPa，而添加27.3wt.%CS的组合物的抗压强度第二高，为11.2MPa。对于生物粘合剂含量为17.4至55.8wt.%、DCR含量为11.0至62.0wt.%的组合物，抗压强度在1.1至2.0MPa范围内。液体吸附分析（水和柴油）表明，在这两种情况下，液体的最大饱和度在35分钟后达到，水的最大饱和度为1.05至1.4g·g，柴油的最大饱和度为0.77至1.25g·g。观察到90%的柴油最大饱和度在10分钟后达到，水的最大饱和度在35分钟后达到。
