Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, 204568Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
Acta Radiol. 2022 Apr;63(4):474-480. doi: 10.1177/0284185121999654. Epub 2021 Mar 5.
Accurate identification of foreign bodies (FB) using medical imaging is essential for diagnosis and determining the suitable retrieval technique.
To compare the sensitivity of different imaging modalities for detecting various FB materials in soft tissue and assess the reproducibility of a scoring system for grading the conspicuity of FBs.
Five FB materials (plastic, wood, glass, aluminum, and copper) were embedded in a tissue-mimicking phantom. Computed radiography (CR), ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were compared using a semi-quantitative 5-point Likert scale scoring system. The intra- and inter-reader reproducibility of four independent readers was analyzed using Kendall's coefficient of concordance (W).
Glass was visible on all imaging modalities. Plastic was only visible in excellent detail using ultrasound. Wood was detected in excellent resolution using ultrasound and CT using the default window while plain X-ray failed to detect it. Ultrasound was the only modality that showed aluminum in excellent quality while CT showed it with good demarcation from the surroundings. Copper was detectable in excellent detail using CR, ultrasound, and CT. MRI performance was suboptimal, especially with the plastic FB. The scoring system showed excellent intra-reader (W = 0.91, = 0.001) and inter-reader (W = 0.88, < 0.001) reproducibility.
Ultrasound can be used as the first line of investigation for wood, plastic, glass, and metallic FBs impacted at superficial depths in soft tissue. The semi-quantitative FB scoring system showed excellent within- and between-reader reliability, which can be used to score and compare the detection performance of new imaging techniques.
使用医学成像准确识别异物（FB）对于诊断和确定合适的检索技术至关重要。
比较不同成像方式检测软组织中不同 FB 材料的敏感性，并评估用于分级 FB 显著性的评分系统的可重复性。
将五种 FB 材料（塑料、木材、玻璃、铝和铜）嵌入组织模拟体模中。使用半定量 5 分李克特量表评分系统比较计算机射线照相（CR）、超声、计算机断层扫描（CT）和磁共振成像（MRI）。使用 Kendall 协和系数（W）分析四位独立读者的内部和读者间的可重复性。
玻璃在所有成像方式上均可见。仅在超声下可清晰显示塑料。在超声和 CT 默认窗口下，木材可在出色的分辨率下检测到，而普通 X 射线则无法检测到。仅超声能以出色的质量显示铝，而 CT 则能以良好的边界显示其周围环境。CR、超声和 CT 可在出色的细节下检测到铜。MRI 的性能较差，尤其是在检测塑料 FB 时。评分系统显示出出色的内部（W=0.91，P=0.001）和读者间（W=0.88，P<0.001）可重复性。
超声可作为探查软组织中浅层嵌入的木材、塑料、玻璃和金属 FB 的首选方法。半定量 FB 评分系统具有出色的内部和读者间可靠性，可用于对新的成像技术的检测性能进行评分和比较。
