胞吞作用在部分涂层和自由旋转基底的作用下更容易抵抗高渗透压。
Endocytosis against high turgor pressure is made easier by partial coating and freely rotating base.
机构信息
Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; Nanobiology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut.
Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; Nanobiology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut; Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
出版信息
Biophys J. 2021 May 4;120(9):1625-1640. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.02.033. Epub 2021 Mar 4.
During clathrin-mediated endocytosis, a patch of flat plasma membrane is deformed into a vesicle. In walled cells, such as plants and fungi, the turgor pressure is high and pushes the membrane against the cell wall, thus hindering membrane internalization. In this work, we study how a patch of membrane is deformed against turgor pressure by force and by curvature-generating proteins. We show that a large amount of force is needed to merely start deforming the membrane and an even larger force is needed to pull a membrane tube. The magnitude of these forces strongly depends on how the base of the membrane is constrained and how the membrane is coated with curvature-generating proteins. In particular, these forces can be reduced by partially, but not fully, coating the membrane patch with curvature-generating proteins. Our theoretical results show excellent agreement with experimental data.
在网格蛋白介导的胞吞作用中，扁平的细胞膜会被压出一个凹陷，形成一个小泡。在有细胞壁的细胞中，如植物和真菌，由于渗透压较高，细胞膜会受到细胞壁的挤压，这阻碍了细胞膜的内陷。在这项工作中，我们研究了在渗透压的作用下，细胞膜是如何在力和形成曲率的蛋白的作用下发生变形的。我们发现，仅仅是开始使细胞膜变形就需要很大的力，而要拉动一个细胞膜管则需要更大的力。这些力的大小强烈取决于细胞膜的基底是如何受到约束的，以及细胞膜是如何被形成曲率的蛋白覆盖的。特别是，通过部分覆盖而不是完全覆盖膜片，可以减少这些力。我们的理论结果与实验数据吻合得非常好。
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