Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, Berlin 14195, Germany.
Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, Berlin 14195, Germany.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Aug;116:135-145. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.02.005. Epub 2021 Mar 4.
Episodic memory decline is a hallmark of cognitive aging and a multifaceted phenomenon. We review studies that target age differences across different memory processing stages, i.e., from encoding to retrieval. The available evidence suggests that age differences during memory formation may affect the quality of memory representations in an age-graded manner with downstream consequences for later processing stages. We argue that low memory quality in combination with age-related neural decline of key regions of the episodic memory network puts older adults in a double jeopardy situation that finally results in broader memory impairments in older compared to younger adults.
情景记忆衰退是认知老化的一个标志，也是一个多方面的现象。我们回顾了针对不同记忆加工阶段（即从编码到提取）的年龄差异的研究。现有证据表明，记忆形成过程中的年龄差异可能以年龄分级的方式影响记忆表现的质量，从而对后续的加工阶段产生影响。我们认为，低质量的记忆加上与情景记忆网络关键区域相关的神经衰退，使老年人处于一种双重困境之中，最终导致老年人的记忆损伤比年轻人更广泛。
