Department of Health Management, School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
The Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Science of Hubei Province, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
Qual Life Res. 2021 Aug;30(8):2149-2160. doi: 10.1007/s11136-021-02807-3. Epub 2021 Mar 6.
The purpose of this study was to analyse the trajectories of depression in urban and rural areas, and to analyse the relationship among multimorbidity, disability and other variables and trajectories.
Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used. A latent class growth model was used to characterise the trajectories of urban and rural depression symptoms. Chi-square test was used to test the differences in respondents' characteristics among depression trajectories groups within urban and rural areas. The relationships among multimorbidity, disability and depression symptom trajectories were analysed via multinomial logistic regression.
Urban and rural depression trajectories were divided into three categories. Respondents in urban areas were divided into rising, remaining-low and declining group, and those in rural areas were divided into rising, remaining-low and remaining-high group. The depression scores of respondents with multimorbidity were more likely to rise, and this result was similar for the disabled respondents. Respondents who need help on activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living in urban areas were more likely to decline in depression scores. In rural areas, however, the values were consistently high. In urban and rural areas, the relationships among marital status, education and age and depression trajectories were different.
The depression trajectories are different in urban and rural China. Improving the quality of medical services, promoting the distribution of rural social resources and implementing more recreational activities could be beneficial for the promotion of mental health in rural areas.
本研究旨在分析城乡地区抑郁的轨迹，并分析多病共存、残疾等变量与轨迹之间的关系。
本研究使用了中国健康与退休纵向研究的数据。采用潜在类别增长模型对城乡抑郁症状的轨迹进行了描述。卡方检验用于检验城乡不同抑郁轨迹组中受访者特征的差异。通过多项逻辑回归分析了多病共存、残疾与抑郁症状轨迹之间的关系。
城乡抑郁轨迹分为三类。城市地区的受访者分为上升、持续低和下降组，农村地区的受访者分为上升、持续低和持续高组。多病共存的受访者抑郁评分更有可能上升，残疾受访者的结果也相似。城市地区需要日常生活活动和工具性日常生活活动帮助的受访者的抑郁评分更有可能下降，而农村地区的评分则一直较高。在城乡地区，婚姻状况、教育和年龄与抑郁轨迹之间的关系不同。
中国城乡的抑郁轨迹不同。提高医疗服务质量、促进农村社会资源的分配以及开展更多娱乐活动，有利于促进农村地区的心理健康。
