Zhu Changzheng, Zhu Min, Gao Xiangping, Liu Xiaoshi
Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.
Department of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
Front Psychol. 2021 Feb 18;12:555339. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.555339. eCollection 2021.
Self-concept differentiation (SCD) is a sign of fragmentation of the self rather than specialization of role identities for its robust relationship with psychological adjustment. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the relationship between SCD and psychological adjustment. The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of self-consistency and congruence (SCC) in the association between SCD and psychological adjustment (psychological well-being, depression, and anxiety), and the moderating role of age in the relationship between SCD and SCC. This moderated mediation model was examined among 158 Chinese retirees (mean age = 71.12, = 9.13), who completed measurements regarding SCD, SCC, psychological well-being, anxiety, and depression. The results showed that SCC partially mediated the links between SCD and the indices of psychological adjustment. Furthermore, age moderated this mediation effect, which was found in mean and high-age participants, but not in low-age ones. Our findings indicate that, at different age stages, the internal mechanisms of SCD affecting psychological adaptation are not the same, and a low differentiated or highly integrated self can serve as an adaptive resource to maintain high subjective well-being of the elderly and protect them from anxiety and depression.
自我概念分化（SCD）是自我碎片化的一种表现，而非角色身份的专业化，因为它与心理调适有着密切的关系。然而，对于SCD与心理调适之间关系的潜在机制，我们知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨自我一致性和和谐性（SCC）在SCD与心理调适（心理健康、抑郁和焦虑）之间的中介作用，以及年龄在SCD与SCC关系中的调节作用。在158名中国退休人员（平均年龄 = 71.12，标准差 = 9.13）中检验了这个有调节的中介模型，这些退休人员完成了关于SCD、SCC、心理健康、焦虑和抑郁的测量。结果表明，SCC部分中介了SCD与心理调适指标之间的联系。此外，年龄调节了这种中介效应，这种效应在平均年龄和高龄参与者中存在，但在低龄参与者中不存在。我们的研究结果表明，在不同年龄阶段，SCD影响心理适应的内在机制不尽相同，低分化或高度整合的自我可以作为一种适应性资源，以维持老年人较高的主观幸福感，并保护他们免受焦虑和抑郁的困扰。
