Castro Solano Alejandro, Cosentino Alejandro César
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Eur J Psychol. 2019 Dec 19;15(4):656-670. doi: 10.5964/ejop.v15i4.1759. eCollection 2019 Dec.
Traditionally, models of positive personality traits have referred to moral characteristics. The High Five Model (HFM) is a factor model of individual positive traits based on an inductive psycho-lexical approach. Unlike other models, in the HFM the positive characteristics were freely determined by lay people, beyond any moral tones. The HFM comprises the following factors: erudition, peace, cheerfulness, honesty, and tenacity, known as "the high factors." This model was shown to positively exceed the capacity of normal personality to predict emotional, social, and psychological well-being. Additionally, this model is negatively associated with non-transmissible diseases, psychopathological symptoms, and psychopathological personality traits. This study aimed to increase the validation of the HFM, by analyzing the relationships among this model and positive mental health, psychopathological symptoms, academic adjustment, and academic performance in university students. Another objective was to study the association between complete mental well-being (i.e., high well-being and low psychopathological symptomatology) and the high factors of the HFM. The sample consisted of 256 university students. Correlations were calculated, and the two-step cluster analysis was used to obtain profiles. The results showed that tenacity and erudition high factors are positively associated with academic achievement and academic adjustment. Finally, each of the high factors was positively associated with complete mental well-being. The HFM has a broad scope, as it is related not only to psychological variables (e.g., well-being or psychopathological symptomatology) but also to academic performance (e.g., adjustment and achievement) in university students.
传统上，积极人格特质模型涉及道德特征。大五人格模型（HFM）是基于归纳心理词汇学方法的个体积极特质因素模型。与其他模型不同，在HFM中，积极特质由外行人自由确定，不受任何道德色彩的影响。HFM包括以下因素：博学、平和、开朗、诚实和坚韧，被称为“大五因素”。该模型被证明在预测情绪、社交和心理健康方面积极地超越了正常人格的能力。此外，该模型与非传染性疾病、精神病理症状和精神病理人格特质呈负相关。本研究旨在通过分析该模型与大学生积极心理健康、精神病理症状、学业适应和学业成绩之间的关系，增加对HFM的验证。另一个目标是研究完全心理健康（即高幸福感和低精神病理症状）与HFM的大五因素之间的关联。样本包括256名大学生。计算了相关性，并使用两步聚类分析来获得概况。结果表明，坚韧和博学这两个大五因素与学业成绩和学业适应呈正相关。最后，每个大五因素都与完全心理健康呈正相关。HFM具有广泛的范围，因为它不仅与心理变量（如幸福感或精神病理症状）相关，还与大学生的学业成绩（如适应和成就）相关。
